Chapter 14

Question 1

Facts about nutrition during pregnancy

Answer 1

Good preconceptual status: nutrient reserves(i.e. Folic acid) and sound eating behaviors-adequate amounts of grains, green vegetables and fruits
The number of infant brain cells can be affected by the nutritional status of the mother to be
What can be stored and can’t be stored
Fallacy: The baby gets what it needs

Question 2

teaching

Answer 2

A variety of foods from each food group
Foods that have undergone as little processing as possible (fresh, frozen, canned)
Extra servings from the food groups to achieve desirable weight gain
Avoid empty calories- simple CHO’s, high fat foods
Avoid skipping meals especially breakfast
Use moderate amounts of iodized salt and avoid “salty” foods
Drink at least 8-10 large glasses of healthy fluids per day

Question 3

weight gain

Answer 3

Weight gain important determination of fetal growth
Pattern of weight gain is as important as the total amount gained
Get baseline and on every office visit, same scale and same amount of clothing
Women should achieve a weight in the normal range for their height prior to getting pregnant
- gain 3.5 lbs or so in 1st trimester, 1 lb per wk after 1st trimester
-25 -35 lbs normal weight gain
-if pt obese then ask pt not to gain as much

Question 4

calories needed per day

Answer 4

220 for active women, 1600 for sedatory women

should never diet or lose weight during pregnancy

Question 5

supplements

Answer 5

Emphasize obtaining nutrients from food not supplements
Take only those prescribed by health care provider
Supplements don’t ensure adequate nutrition alone
If diet is adequate the only supplementation that is needed is iron!! (would have to eat 5000 calories to have enough iron, can cause constipation, want pt to have enough iron but not be anemic)
Excessive amounts of some supplements may cause cardiac and CNS damage to the developing fetus

Question 6

recommend dietary allowances

Answer 6

protein - up to 10-14g per day
fluids - over 2L per day
iron - if hemacrit drops below 33 then give folic acid with iron
calcium - don’t have to increase, used for fetal bone, teeth, if don’t drink milk then use fish, beans, greens, baked bread, fruits)
sodium - need bc of expanding placenta volume 1.5-2.3 g

Question 7

picca

Answer 7

non food sources, discourage

Question 8

adolescents

Answer 8

usually have bad food diets, competition between mom and baby for nutrition

Question 9

physical activity

Answer 9

adequate hydration, may need additional calories

Question 10

Nutritional Care During Pregnancy

Answer 10

Diet History
Physical
Lab Exams
Nutritional counseling

Question 11

Nutrition Related Discomforts In Pregnancy

Answer 11

Nausea & Vomiting

Constipation

Pyrosis