Chapter 15-16-17 Objectives

Question 1

Identify the significant technological innovations in warfare in the ancient world and Europe of the Middle Ages.

Answer 1

Increased range of the bow, chariots increased mobility and power, the Romans Phalanx formation, catapult, crossbow, longbow, trebuchet

Question 2

Describe how gunpowder revolutionized warfare.

Answer 2

European engineers first used it in artillery, then later in muskets. Eventually replaced the trebuchet with cannons. Early handguns then utilized gunpower.

Question 3

List three innovations in firearms that resulted in their greater efficiency.

Answer 3

Rifling: increased accuracy
Minnie ball: bullet expanded when fired
smokeless gunpowder: did not release smoke when fired

Question 4

Explain how modern warfare has expanded the scope of warfare.

Answer 4

Increased civilian casualties, increased cost of war, and bombing of industrial sites and factories

Question 5

List at least three problems with attempts to ban or limit the use of weapons.

Answer 5

Neither side wanted to open its weapons systems to inspection, neither side wanted to reveal how many weapons it had. People just wont do it.

Question 6

List at least two factors that influence the development and adoption of new weapons.

Answer 6

Action and reaction

Question 7

How did the industrial revolution change the scope of warfare?

Answer 7

Mass production techniques as well as interchangeable parts made it possible to arm much larger armies

Question 8

Describe two attempts to ban or limit the use of weapons.

Answer 8

Banning poison gas, (Iraq and Iran)

Banning landmines, Many countries refused to agree to the ban.

Question 9

Why is the threat of retaliation not effective against terrorist groups?

Answer 9

They are diffused and not associated with any specific country.

Question 10

Catapult

Answer 10

Allowed the romans to attack fortification over great distances.

Question 11

Phalanx

Answer 11

A rectangular, mass formation, usually composed entirely of heavy infantry armed with spears, pikes and weapons.

Question 12

Crossbow

Answer 12

Extremely accurate and was able to deliver a heavy projectile that could be fired up to 350-400 yards.

Question 13

Longbow

Answer 13

Bow between 5 and 6 feet long, easier to use then the crossbow, and could be fired more rapidly.

Question 14

Trebuchet

Answer 14

Less range than a catapult but could hurl a heavier projectile. Had to be build on site. Basically a counterbalanced sling.

Question 15

Chariot

Answer 15

Cart pulled by horses, increased power and mobility. Popularized by Assyrains

Question 16

Rifling

Answer 16

the cutting of a spiral groove inside the barrel. increased accuracy

Question 17

Minnie Ball

Answer 17

a bullet that expanded when fired

Question 18

Hiroshima

Answer 18

A single atomic bomb was dropped on Hiroshima August 6, 1945 killing 70,000 people, injuring 70,000 more and leaving countless numbers to slowly die of radiation sickness and other effects of radiation.

Question 19

Dresden

Answer 19

25,000 civilians killed in bombing

Question 20

Hiram Maxim

Answer 20

Inventor of the modern machine gun.

Question 21

Mercenary

Answer 21

Paid professional soldiers.

Question 22

Billy Mitchell

Answer 22

Had the idea that the airplane could destroy ground troops along with the industry and transportation systems that supported them.

Question 23

Cold War

Answer 23

Nuclear standoff between the United States and the Soviet Union was known as the Cold War.

Question 24

Mutually Assured Destruction

Answer 24

Either side would not use Nuclear weapons with fear of retaliation from the other side.

Question 25

How many died in the Tokyo bombing?

Answer 25

80,000