Chapter 15: Alterations in blood flow

Question 1

what does the circulatory circuit do?

Answer 1

functions in absorption and delivery of nutrients
oxygen uptake
delivery and removal

Question 2

how long does it take to move 5 liters of blood through the entire circuit?

Answer 2

1 minute

Question 3

what do arteries contain in comparison to veins ?

Answer 3

elastic tissue

Question 4

what does the intima layer function in?

Answer 4

protrudes into the lumen creating valves that prevent the back flow of blood

Question 5

True or false: blood flow is measured as a given number of liters or millimeters per second, minute, or hour

Answer 5

true

Question 6

describe how pressure works

Answer 6

blood moves from areas of high-pressure arteries to an area of low pressure veins which means greater pressure difference, the greater the blood flow
pressure and blood flow are directional directly proportional

Question 7

what are the determinants of vascular resistance?

Answer 7

blood viscosity
vessel radius
vessel length

Question 8

True or false: the longer the blood vessels, the higher the resistance, and lower the flow

Answer 8

True

Question 9

turbulent flow is generated where

Answer 9

vessel bifurcation

Question 10

what is clinically important in capillaries

Answer 10

Capillary fluid pressure

plasma colloid osmotic pressure

Question 11

what are the controls of blood flow?

Answer 11

extrinsic Mechanisms (Central)
Intrinsic mechanisms (local)

Question 12

What happens when systemic vascular resistance is increased?

Answer 12

causes the heart to work harder to meet metabolic demands of the body

Question 13

thrombosis is initiated by alterations in what?

Answer 13

blood flow: slow or turbulent flow
vessel wall: damage or inflammation to the intimal wall of vessel
blood coagulability: emergence of a hypercoagulable state

Question 14

arterial thrombosis is classified as?

Answer 14

clot within an artery reduces flow and increases turbulence which enhances thrombosis enlargement and formation of more thrombi

Question 15

True or false: Venus thrombosis symptoms may be absent or maybe life-threatening secondary to pulmonary and embolism

Answer 15

true

Question 16

what is the major reason for arterial disease?

Answer 16

atherosclerosis: hardening of the arteries

Question 17

what is arthrosclerosis an underlying condition of?

Answer 17

hypertension
renal disease
cardiac disease
peripheral arterial disease

Question 18

where are aneurysms mostly found?

Answer 18

cerebral circulation
thoracic aorta
abdominal aorta

Question 19

Alterations in venous flow can be accompanied with ?

Answer 19

edema
venous stasis 
inflammation
ulcers
pain

Question 20

True or false: lymphedema is most common in the US because of lymph node removal and radiation

Answer 20

false

secondary lymphedema