Chapter 16: Carbohydrates

Question 1

Upon monosaccharide cyclization, the carbon that becomes chiral is referred to the …

Answer 1

anomeric carbon

Question 2

Monosaccharides that differ only in the configuration at the anomeric carbon are called …

Answer 2

anomers

Question 3

murarotation

Answer 3

interconversion of the a- and b-forms of monosaccharides

Question 4

An alcohol and an anomeric carbon of a monosaccharide produces an acetal bond called…

Answer 4

O-glycosidic bond

Question 5

These consist of 2 monosaccharides covalently attached via a glycosidic bond

Answer 5

disaccharides

Question 6

Name some common dissacharides

Answer 6

maltose
trehalose
sucrose
cellobiose
lactose
gentiobiose

Question 7

What are homopolysaccharides?

aka homoglycans

Answer 7

polysaccharides containing only one kind of monosaccharide

Question 8

What are heteropolysaccharides?

aka heteroglycans

Answer 8

polysaccharide containing more than one kind of monosaccharide

Question 9

Starch is the main storage homopolysaccharide in (animals/plants).

Answer 9

plants

Question 10

Starch is a mixture of two homopolysaccharides of glucose, which are..

Answer 10

amylose

amylopectin

Question 11

-branched homopolysaccharide of glucose
-branch-points with (a1 -> 6) linkers every 8-12 residues
-molecular weight reaches several millions
functions as the main storage polysaccharide in animals

Answer 11

glycogen

Question 12

most abundant natural polymer in the world

-linear polymer of D-glucose units linked by a (b1 -> 4) linked residues

Answer 12

cellulose