Chapter 18

Question 1

A portion of Earth containing a distinct biota that differs markedly from the biotas of other biogeographic regions in its species composition and diversity.

Answer 1

Biogeographic Region

Question 2

The study of variation in species composition and diversity among geographic locations.

Answer 2

Biogeography

Question 3

The slow movement of tectonic plates (sections of Earth’s crust) across Earth’s surface.

Answer 3

Continental Drift

Question 4

Occurring in a particular geographic location and nowhere else on Earth.

Answer 4

Endemic

Question 5

A theory proposing that the number of species on an island or in an island-like habitat results from a dynamic balance between immigration rates and extinction rates.

Answer 5

Equilibrium Theory of Island Biogeography

Question 6

A spatial scale that is essentially equivalent to a community.

Answer 6

Local Scale

Question 7

A spatial scale that encompasses a geographic area where the climate is roughly uniform and the species contained therein are often restricted to that region by dispersal limitation.

Answer 7

Regional Scale

Question 8

The relationship between species richness and area sampled.

Answer 8

Species-Area Relationship

Question 9

(1) The mixing of the entire water column in a stratified lake when all the layers of water reach the same temperature and density. (2) The replacement of one species with another over time or space.

Answer 9

Turnover