Chapter 19: Intro to the heart Flashcards
What is the heart?
it is a pump for blood to go through the cardiovascular system.
Where is the heart located?
more to the left of the midsternal line in pericardial cavity of the mediastinum of the thoracic cavity
How many chambers does the heart have?
4:
The right and left atria which pump blood down to the right and left ventricles
The right and left ventricles which pump blood to arteries
What is the pulmonary circuit?
Where blood pumps from the right ventricle through arteries to lungs through veins and back into heart through the left atrium (atria).
What is the systemic circuit?
pumps blood from the left ventricle through arteries everywhere in the body except the lungs and comes back to the heart through veins to the right atrium (atria)
How many layers does the heart wall have?
3:
Endocardium, myocardium, and epicardium
What is the myocardium of the heart wall?
Mainly cardia muscle tissue; thickest part of the heart wall; thickets in the left ventricle because it pumps blood to the entire body.
What are pectinate muscles?
Hint: myocardium of the heart wall
Internal muscular folds in ventricles (lower portion of heart)
What are papillary muscles?
Hint: myocardium of the heart wall
from myocardium in ventricles; attach to chordae tendineae
What are trabeculae carneae?
Hint: myocardium of the heart wall
internal muscular folds in ventricles (lower chamber of heart)
What is the endocardium of the heart wall?
The thin inner lining of simple squamous epithelium and areolar connective tissue; contacts blood in chamber.
What is the epicardium of the heart wall?
thin outer lining like endocardium; secretes pericardial fluid into pericardial cavity.
What is the pericardium?
part fromed from epicardium; encloses heart within pericardial cavity and secretes pericardial fluid.
