Chapter 2

Question 0

Language

Answer 0

Standardized set of symbols and the knowledge about how to combine those symbols into words, sentences, and texts to convey ideas and feelings

Question 1

Communication

Answer 1

Any exchange of meaning between a sender and receiver

Question 2

Phonemes

Answer 2

Sounds of a language that cause changes in meaning

Question 3

Allophones

Answer 3

Variants of a sound

Question 4

Manner of articulation

Answer 4

Different ways that speakers can block airflow through the oral cavity using different types of constrictions

Question 5

Place of articulation

Answer 5

Produce blockages at different places in the oral cavity to modify speech sounds

Question 6

Voicing

Answer 6

Sounds produced with vibration of vocal folds

Question 7

Syllable

Answer 7

Units of speech that consist of consonants and vowels

Question 8

Prosody

Answer 8

Change in pitch, stress, intensity, and duration of sounds in connected speech production

Question 9

Three components of language

Answer 9

Content (meaning), form (structure), and use (way speakers select different forms)

Question 10

Language content

Answer 10

Meaning

Question 11

Semantics

Answer 11

Linguistic representation of objects, ideas, feelings, events, as well as the relations between these phenomena

Question 12

Lexicon

Answer 12

Mental dictionary of words

Question 13

Language form

Answer 13

Phonology, morphology, syntax

Question 14

Phonology

Answer 14

Study of the sounds we use to make sounds

Question 15

Morphology

Answer 15

Internal organization of words

Question 16

Morpheme

Answer 16

Smallest grammatical unit that has meaning

Question 17

Free morpheme

Answer 17

Can stand alone as a word

Question 18

Bound morphemes

Answer 18

Grammatical tags or markers in English

Question 19

Syntax

Answer 19

Linguistic conventions for organizing word order; grammar

Question 20

Language use

Answer 20

Goals of language and means by which we choose between alternative combinations of words and sentences

Question 21

Sociolinguistic conventions that help us decide what to say to whom, how to say it, and when to say it

Answer 21

Pragmatics