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Med Terms > Chapter 2: Body Organization > Flashcards

Chapter 2: Body Organization Flashcards

1
Q

abdomin/o

A

combining form
abdomen

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2
Q

adip/o

A

combining form
fat

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3
Q

aer/o

A

combining form
air

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4
Q

anter/o

A

combining form
front

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5
Q

brachi/o

A

combining form
arm

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6
Q

bucc/o

A

combining form
check

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7
Q

cardi/o

A

combining form
heart

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8
Q

caud/o

A

combining form
tail

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9
Q

cephal/o

A

combining form
head

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10
Q

cervic/o

A

combining form
neck

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11
Q

chondr/o

A

combining form
cartilage

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12
Q

crani/o

A

combining form
skull

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13
Q

crin/o

A

combining form
to secrete

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14
Q

crur/o

A

combining form
leg

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15
Q

cutane/o

A

combining form
skin

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16
Q

cyt/o

A

combining form
cell

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17
Q

derm/o

A

combining form
skin

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18
Q

dermat/o

A

combining form
skin

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19
Q

dist/o

A

combining form
away from

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20
Q

dors/o

A

combining form
back

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21
Q

enter/o

A

combining form
small intestine

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22
Q

epitheli/o

A

combining form
epithelium

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23
Q

gastr/o

A

combining form
stomach

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24
Q

glute/o

A

combining form
buttock

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25
Q

gynec/o

A

combining form
female

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26
Q

hal/o

A

combining form
to breathe

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27
Q

hemat/o

A

combining form
blood

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28
Q

hist/o

A

combining form
tissue

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29
Q

immun/o

A

combining form
protection

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30
Q

infer/o

A

combining form
below

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31
Q

inguin/o

A

combining form
groin

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32
Q

laryng/o

A

combining form
larynx

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33
Q

later/o

A

combining form
side

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34
Q

lingu/o

A

combining form
tongue

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35
Q

lumb/o

A

combining form
loin (low back)

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36
Q

lymph/o

A

combining form
lymph

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37
Q

medi/o

A

combining form
middle

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38
Q

muscul/o

A

combining form
muscle

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39
Q

nephr/o

A

combining form
kidney

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40
Q

neur/o

A

combining form
nerve

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41
Q

ophthalm/o

A

combining form
eye

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42
Q

orth/o

A

combining form
straight

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43
Q

or/o

A

combining form
mouth

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44
Q

ot/o

A

combining form
ear

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45
Q

pariet/o

A

combining form
cavity wall

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46
Q

ped/o

A

combining form
foot

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47
Q

pelv/o

A

combining form
pelvis

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48
Q

peritone/o

A

combining form
peritoneum

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49
Q

pleur/o

A

combining form
pleura

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50
Q

poster/o

A

combining form
back

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51
Q

proct/o

A

combining form
rectum and anus

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52
Q

proxim/o

A

combining form
near to

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53
Q

pub/o

A

combining form
genital region

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54
Q

pulmon/o

A

combining form
lung

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55
Q

rect/o

A

combining form
rectum

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56
Q

rhin/o

A

combining form
nose

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57
Q

spin/o

A

combining form
spine

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58
Q

super/o

A

combining form
above

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59
Q

thec/o

A

combining form
sheath (meninges)

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60
Q

thorac/o

A

combining form
chest

61
Q

topic/o

A

combining form
a specific area

62
Q

ur/o

A

combining form
urine

63
Q

urin/o

A

combining form
urine

64
Q

vagin/o

A

combining form
vagina

65
Q

vascul/o

A

combining form
blood vessel

66
Q

ven/o

A

combining form
vein

67
Q

ventr/o

A

combining form
belly

68
Q

vertebr/o

A

combining form
vertebra

69
Q

viscer/o

A

combining form
internal organ

70
Q

cytology

A

the study of cells and their function

71
Q

cell membrane

A

outermost boundary of the cell; encloses the cytoplasm

72
Q

ctyoplasm

A

watery internal environment of cell

73
Q

nucleus

A

contains the cell’s DNA

74
Q

histology

A

the study of tissue

75
Q

muscular tissue

A

produces movement by contracting

76
Q

What is muscular tissue made of?

A

muscle fibers

77
Q

What are the three types of muscle tissue?

A

skeletal: attaches to bone
smooth: in internal organs (intestine, uterus)
cardiac: only found in the heart

78
Q

What 4 things can epithelial cells do?

A

protect
absorb
secrete
excrete waste

79
Q

epithelia tissue

A

found throughout the body and forms the covering and lining of internal organs and the skin

80
Q

connective tissue

A

supports and protects the body
performs different function depending on location

81
Q

What are the 4 forms of connective tissue and what do they do?

A

bone: provides structural support for body
cartilage: shock absorber in joints
tendons: tightly connect skeletal muscle to bones
adipose: provides protective padding around body structures

82
Q

nervous tissue

A

forms the brain, spinal cord, and network of nerves throughout the body
made up of neurons

83
Q

What does nervous tissue allow?

A

conduction of electrical impulses between the brain and the rest of the body

84
Q

organ

A

made of several types of tissues that work together as unit

85
Q

system

A

made of several organs working together

86
Q

Integumentary System

A

forms protective two-way barrier and aids in temperature regulation

87
Q

What does the integumentary system include and what is its specialty?

A

skin, hair, nails, sweat glands, sebaceous glands
specialty: dermatology

88
Q

Musculoskeletal System

A

skeleton supports and protects body, forms blood cells, and stores minerals

89
Q

What does the musculoskeletal system include and what is its specialty?

A

bones, joints, and muscles
specialty: orthopedics

90
Q

Cardiovascular System

A

pumps blood to the entire body to transport nutrients, oxygen, and wastes

91
Q

What does the cardiovascular system include and what is its specialty?

A

heart, arteries, veins
specialty: cardiology

92
Q

Blood (Hematic System)

A

transports oxygen, protects against pathogens, and controls bleeding

93
Q

What does the hematic system include and what is its specialty?

A

plasma, erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets
specialty: hematology

94
Q

Lymphatic System

A

protects body from disease and invasion from pathogens

95
Q

What does the lymphatic system include and what is its specialty?

A

lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels, spleen, thymus gland, and tonsils
specialty: immunology

96
Q

Respiratory System

A

obtains oxygen from environment and removes carbon dioxide from the body

97
Q

What does the respiratory system include and what is its specialty?

A

nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchial tubes, and lungs
specialty: pulmonology

98
Q

Digestive or Gastrointestinal System

A

ingests, digests, and absorbs nutrients for the body

99
Q

What does the digestive system include and what is its specialty?

A

oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, salivary glands
specialty: gastroenterology

100
Q

Urinary System

A

filters waste products out of blood and removes the from the body

101
Q

What does the urinary system include and are its specialties?

A

kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra

102
Q

Female Productive System

A

produces eggs and provides for the growing baby, nourishes the infant after birth

103
Q

What does the female reproductive include and what are its specialties?

A

ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, vulva, breasts
specialty: gynecology

104
Q

Male Reproductive System

A

produces sperm

105
Q

What does the male reproductive system include and what is its specialty?

A

testes, epididymis, vas deferens, penis, seminal vesicles, prostate glands, bulbourethral gland
specialty: urology

106
Q

Endocrine System

A

regulates metabolic activity

107
Q

What glands does the endocrine system include and what is its specialty?

A

pituitary, pineal, thyroid, parathyroid, thymus, adrenal, pancreas, ovaries, testes
specialty: endocrinology

108
Q

Nervous System

A

receives sensory information from the body and coordinates a response to that information

109
Q

What organs are included in the nervous system and what is its specialty?

A

brain, spinal cord, nerves
specialty: neurology

110
Q

Special Senses- Eyes

A

provides vision

111
Q

What organs are included in the special sense-eyes and what is its specialty?

A

eyes
specialty: ophthalmology

112
Q

Special Senses- Ears

A

responsible for hearing and balance

113
Q

What organs are included in the special senses- ears and what is its specialty?

A

ears
specialty: otorhinolaryngology

114
Q

Directional Term: Superior or Cephalic

A

more towards head, or above another structure
ex. The eyes are superior to the lips.

115
Q

Directional Term: Inferior or Caudal

A

more toward feet or tail or below another structure
ex. The feet are inferior to the knees.

116
Q

Directional Term: Anterior or Ventral

A

more toward front or belly side of body
ex. The nose is on the anterior side.

117
Q

Directional Term: Posterior or Dorsal

A

more toward back or spinal cord side of body
ex. The buttocks are on the posterior side.

118
Q

Directional Term: Medial

A

middle or near middle of body or structure
ex. Heart is medially located in the chest cavity.

119
Q

Directional Term: Lateral

A

to the side of the body
ex. The arm is lateral to the heart.

120
Q

Directional Term: Proximal

A

nearer to the point of attachment to the body
ex. The knee is proximal to the foot.

121
Q

Directional Term: Distal

A

farther away from the point of attachment
ex. The hand is distal to the elbow.

122
Q

Directional Term: Apex

A

tip or summit of the organ
ex. The apex of the lung is at the clavicle (collar bone).

123
Q

Directional Term: Base

A

bottom or lower part of organ
ex. The base of the lung is near the bottom of the ribs.

124
Q

Directional Term: Superficial

A

more towards the surface of the body
ex. The ribs are superficial to the lungs.

125
Q

Directional Term: Deep

A

further away from the surface of the body.
ex. The heart is deep to the ribs.

126
Q

Directional Term: Supine

A

lying horizontally facing upwards
ex. Patient is in supine position for abdominal surgery.

127
Q

Abbreviations: AP

A

anteroposterior

128
Q

Abbreviations: CV

A

cardiovascular

129
Q

Abbreviations: ENT

A

ear, nose, and throat

130
Q

Abbreviations: GI

A

gastrointestinal

131
Q

Abbreviations: GYN

A

gynecology

132
Q

Abbreviations: ID

A

intradermal

133
Q

Abbreviations: IM

A

intramuscular

134
Q

Abbreviations: IV

A

intravenous

135
Q

Abbreviations: lat

A

lateral

136
Q

Abbreviations: LE

A

lower extremity

137
Q

Abbreviations: LLQ

A

left lower quadrant

138
Q

Abbreviations: LUQ

A

left upper quadrant

139
Q

Abbreviations: MS

A

musculoskeletal

140
Q

Abbreviations: OB

A

obstetrics

141
Q

Abbreviations: PA

A

posteranterior

142
Q

Abbreviations: RLQ

A

right lower quadrant

143
Q

Abbreviations: RUQ

A

right upper quadrant

144
Q

Abbreviations: sl

A

sublingual

145
Q

Abbreviations: Subc, Subq

A

subcutaneous

146
Q

Abbreviations: suppos, supp

A

suppository

147
Q

Abbreviations: top

A

apply topically

148
Q
A

Med Terms (18 decks)

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