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A2 ICT > Chapter 2: Designing Computer-Based Information Systems > Flashcards

Chapter 2: Designing Computer-Based Information Systems Flashcards

1
Q

Name 3 processing systems?

A
  1. Batch
  2. Interactive
  3. Real time
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2
Q

What does HCI stand for and what 6 things need to be considered?

A

Human-Computer Interface

  1. Use of colour
  2. Layout
  3. Quantity of information
  4. Font
  5. Complexity of language
  6. Type of controls
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3
Q

What is an operating system?

A

Software that allows the hardware to communicate with the system.
Responsible for allocating resources: memory, processing and periheral devices

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4
Q

Give the 8 type of operating systems?

A
  1. Single-user - for 1 person at 1 time
  2. Multi-user - more than 1 user sharing
  3. Single-tasking - 1 task at 1 time
  4. Multi-tasking - more that 1 task at 1 time
  5. Batch
  6. Interactive
  7. Real-time
  8. Distributed
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5
Q

What are the 4 main methods of dialogue?

A
  1. Prompts
  2. Nature of Input
  3. Methods of Input
  4. Feedback
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6
Q

Explain how natural language HCI can be used with a satellite navigation system?

A

Satnav uses speech output to direct driver to destination
Forms used to input a destination and options, such as scenic route or quickest time

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7
Q

When designing an HCI, what 4 things should be considered?

A
  1. Perception
  2. Attention
  3. Memory
  4. Learning
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8
Q

What is a mental model and what does it help do?

A

An explantation in someone’s thought process to how something works, based on experience, sound and visuals
Helps user operate a computer

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9
Q

Give 3 things a mental model should do?

A
  1. Should cover operational functions of the software
  2. Should enable user to experience results of an action
  3. The computer should match the anticipated action of the user
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10
Q

Give 2 reasons why a designer should consider the user’s mental model when designing a system model?

A
  1. The user should not get lost when using the system
  2. The user’s confidence level will increase as they use it as they will recognise methods and graphics
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11
Q

What is the MHP and who developed it?

A

Model Human Processor compares the user of a computer as a computer including memory and processors.
Developed by Card, Moran and Newell

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12
Q

Explain 2 examples of how the MHP can be applied when designing a user interface?

A
  1. On screen flashing cursor, to show where the data is to be input 2. An audible stimulus, such as a beep if an error has been made by the user
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13
Q

Draw the Model Human Processor?

A
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14
Q

Give 2 examples of real-time processing?

A
  1. Air traffic control
  2. Sat Nav
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15
Q

Give 3 examples of single tasking operating systems?

A
  1. iPad
  2. Calculator
  3. Washing Machine
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16
Q

What is a distributed operating system?

A

A form of parallel processing, lots of computers networked together to process small parts

17
Q

Explain methods of dialogue of prompts?

A

Used in command line interface, or icons in GUI

18
Q

Explain the method of dialogue for nature of input?

A

On a form, next response required will depend on users previous input

19
Q

Explain the dialogue method for methods of input?

A

If form based, keyboard and mouse required, or touchscreen

20
Q

Explain the method of dialogue for feedback methods?

A

Menus leads to sub menus to provide large selection of choices

But, in real time or interactive feedback provides specific and limited choices

21
Q

Explain perception and give 2 examples?

A

User perceives input from sights and sounds

  1. Red graphics mean stop, green means go
  2. Happy sounds means correct, sad means incorrect
22
Q

Explain attention and give 2 examples?

A

Organising an interface to increase the end users attention span

  1. Too much disorientates user, decreasing attention
  2. Pop up messages increase attention span
23
Q

Explain memory and give 2 examples?

A

Memorising actions needed to operate the interface

  1. Organised layout increases memory
  2. Consistency between pages aids recall
24
Q

Explain learning, giving two examples?

A

Drawing on similar interfaces to learn

  1. Consistent layout
  2. On screen help such as pop up messages
25
Q

Descibe a single user operating system?

A

The operating system can support more than one user account, but only 1 account can be used at 1 time

26
Q

Describe a multi user operating system?

A

More than 1 user can access system at the same time.
Access is usually provided by a network

27
Q

What is a multi tasking operating system?

A

The processor can do more than 1 task at 1 time, eg internet and writing a letter

28
Q

What’s an interactive operating system?

A

Provides direct user interaction while a program is running

29
Q

What is a real time operating system?

A

Developed for real time applications
Used for embedded applications, which is systems within another application

30
Q

What is the processing like in batch?

A

Processes similar data together when the system is not busy and offline

31
Q

What is the processing like in interactive?

A

Each transaction is processed before moving onto the next

32
Q

What is the processing like in real time?

A

Processed as soon as it is received by the processor

33
Q

What is the response time like in batch?

A

Delay between data being inputted and the results
Overnight or days

34
Q

What is the response time like in interactive?

A

Dependent on the action from the end user, is only as quick as they are

35
Q

What is the response time like in real time?

A

Almost instantaneous, usually lower than 4 seconds

36
Q

What is the user interface requirements of batch?

A

Code based

37
Q

What is the user interface requirements of interactive processing?

A

Graphical User Interface (GUI)

38
Q

What is the user interface requirements of real time processing?

A

Based on the internal requirements of the user

39
Q

What 3 things should be considered in the processing systems?

A
  1. Processing
  2. Response time
  3. User interface requirments

A2 ICT (6 decks)

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