Chapter 2 Objectives Flashcards
What is the “differential effect” of technological progress?
The changes that technology brings will be beneficial to some groups within society and threaten other groups.
Who were the Luddites?
the Luddites were a group of skilled artisans and factory workers who loosely organized a series of attacks on factories, machinery and even factory owners.
What is the meaning of the term “technocracy”?
The term “technocracy” refers to government by technicians; more specifically, it refers to the management of society by technical experts.
Why is technology unable to solve social problems?
They are fundamentally different. Social problems are directly concerned with human motivations and behaviors. Social problems don’t have a single cause and are complex.
What is scientific management?
Frederick Taylor believed that applying “scientific” or technical principles would alleviate disputes between workers and management. Scientific management is based on time and motion studies that seek to match the right person with the right job and match the right equipment and process with the task.
Who is Frederick Taylor?
Taylor was a Mechanical Engineer who lived during a time of rapid industrialization. Taylor believed that applying “scientific” or technical principles would alleviate disputes between worker and management.
Give an example of how technological innovations can cause a change of social roles, redistribute wealth, and restructure power.
The innovations to the cloth industry changed the roles of the weavers to not have jobs.
Define: Henry Ford
Founder of Ford Motor, “We will solve the problems of the city by leaving the city!” His automobile lessened the effect of pollution which was caused by horse manure.
Define: E.C. Stokes
Former governor of New Jersey, in 1921 declared: “Next to the church there is no factor in American life that does so much for the morals of the public as does the automobile.
Define: Farmers’ Anti-Automobile Society (FAAS)
Regulated the use of the automobile in farming
communities.
Define: Amish
Popularly characterized as rejecting all
technologies, actually make use of selective technologies. Belief that they are supposed to be separated from the rest of society.
Define: Technocrat
A technical expert who believes that society can be managed by the application of new technologies.
Define: Technological fix
When technology is applied to social problems. It treats the symptom of the problem, not the root cause.
The emergence of the Internet and the personal Computer created large and very successful companies such as Microsoft and Google. The success of these relatively new companies demonstrates how technology can do what?
Redistribute wealth
Who is considered to be the founder of the Luddites?
Ned Ledlum
