chapter 2 - vocabulary

Question 1

atom

Answer 1

basic unit

Question 2

element

Answer 2

substance made of only one type of atom that cant be broken down by chemical means

Question 3

compound

Answer 3

a substance made of atoms, of two or more elements, bonded together in a specific ratio

Question 4

ion

Answer 4

an atom that gained or lost an electron and now has a charge

Question 5

ionic bond

Answer 5

when ions bond with ions of opposite charge

Question 6

covalent bond

Answer 6

a bond between atoms, where the atoms share electrons

Question 7

molecule

Answer 7

a group of 2 or more atoms that have a covalent bond

Question 8

polar

Answer 8

a molecule with an uneven distribution of charge

Question 9

nonpolar

Answer 9

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Question 10

hydrogen bond

Answer 10

when polar molecules are attracted to each other

Question 11

cohesion

Answer 11

when water molecules are attracted to each other, because of hydrogen bonds

Question 12

adhesion

Answer 12

when water molecules are attracted to other surfaces, and form hydrogen bonds with them

Question 13

solution

Answer 13

mixture of substances that stay the same throughout

Question 14

solvent

Answer 14

greater amount, does the dissolving

Question 15

solute

Answer 15

smaller amount, is dissolved

Question 16

acid

Answer 16

release hydrogen ions when they dissolve in water

Question 17

base

Answer 17

substances that release hydroxide ions when they dissolve in water

Question 18

pH

Answer 18

measurement of acidity; related to free hydrogen ion concentration in solution

Question 19

chemical reaction

Answer 19

when substances change to form new substances, by breaking and forming chemical bonds

Question 20

reactant

Answer 20

what will be changed

Question 21

product

Answer 21

what is produced after the chemical reaction