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Pathology II > Chapter 21 > Flashcards

Chapter 21 Flashcards

1
Q

What is a direct injury to an axon

A

Axonal neuropathy

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2
Q

What is wallerian degeneration

A

secondary loss of myelin following direct axonal injury

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3
Q

What is it called when there is damage to schwann cells or myelin in peripheral nerves

A

Demyelinating neuropathy

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4
Q

In Demyelinating neuropathy what happens to the underlying axon

A

Nothing, the axon is spared

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5
Q

Once a demyelinating neuropathy is repaired what appearance does the myelin have

A

It is thin with short internodes

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6
Q

What happens to the nerve impulse after repair has happened in a peripheral nerve injury

A

Reduced amplitdue on Nerve conduction study

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7
Q

What happens to the nerve impulse after repair has happened in a Demyelination peripheral nerve injury

A

Slower conduction speed

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8
Q

What is a mononeuropathy injury

A

Injury to a single nerve

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9
Q

What is a common mononeuropathy

A

Carpal tunnel syndrome

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10
Q

What is polyneuropathy

A

Diffuse/systemic axonal loss

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11
Q

What is associated with a polyneuropathy

A

Stocking-and-gloce paresthesia

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12
Q

Who are at risk of developing polyneuropathy

A

Diabetics

Alcoholics

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13
Q

What is Polyneuritis multiplex

A

Damage that randomly affects portions of individual nerve

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14
Q

What kind of disease is polyneuritis multiplex

A

Autoimmune

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15
Q

What is a disease caused by acute motor neuron demyelination

A

Guillain-Barre Syndrome

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16
Q

How does paralysis spread in Guillain-Barre syndrome, what is its nickname

A

Ascending paralysis

“rubbery legs”

17
Q

What would make Guillan-Barre syndrome lethal

A

If it ascends and causes respiratory failure

18
Q

What causes Guillan-Barre syndrome

A

Macrophages attacking nerve roots (Auto immune)

Viral: EBV, CMV, HIV

19
Q

Who is at a higher risk of developing Guillain-Barre syndrome

A

males age 15-35; 50-57

20
Q

What is Relapsing Chronic Guillain-Barre syndrome called

A

Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIPD)

21
Q

What kind of appearance do Schwann cells have in patients with CIDP

A

Onion skin appearance

22
Q

who is at a higher risk of developing CIDP

A

Males 40-60 years old

23
Q

What immune disorders is CIDP associated with

A

Lupus

HIV

24
Q

How do you treat CIDP

A

Plasmapheresis

Immunosuppression

Pathology II (5 decks)

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