Chapter 23-exam 4 Flashcards
Explain the process of digestion
Catabolic process that breaks macromolecules down into monomers small enough for absorption.
What is the process of absorption?
Is the process of moving substances from lumen of gut into body.
What ensures the molecules pass through the epithelial cell rather than between them?
Tight Junctions
What type of molecules can be absorbed passively through the membrane?
Lipid Molecules
What type of molecules are absorbed by active transport
Polar molecules
What is the only thing that can be absorbed?
monosaccharides
How is Starch and Disacharides broken down?
Into oligosaccharides and disaccharides
Once broken down into oligosaccharides and disaccharides, it is further broken down into?
lactose, maltose, and sucrose
A person with a deficient amount of lactase and cannot consume lactose is said to be?
Lactose intolerant
What happens when a person with a lactose intolerance consumes lactose?
Any lactose eaten remains undigested and creates an osmotic gradient in intestine that prevents water from being absorbed, resulting in diarrhea.
The bacterial metabolism of undigested solutes produces large amounts of gas, resulting in bloating, flatulence and cramping pain.
What is the source of protein?
Includes digestive enzymes and proteins from breakdown of mucosal cells
How are proteins broken down?
broken into large polypeptides.
When does digestion begin? (pH)
begins in the stomach when pepsinogen is converted to pepsin at pH 1.5-2.5
Becomes inactive in high pH of duodenum
Look at cartoon descriptions and memorize
lecture 16
DNA and RNA are found in
Nuclei of ingested cells in food
