Chapter 26 Outline

Question 1

The breakdown of larger food molecules into smaller molecules is called?

Answer 1

Digestion

Question 2

Passage of smaller molecules into blood and lymph is called?

Answer 2

Absorption

Question 3

The organs that collectively perform digestion and absorption constitute the ?

Answer 3

Digestive system

Question 4

Continues tube extending from mouth to anus?

Answer 4

GI tract

Question 5

The accessory digestive organs include the?

Answer 5

Teeth, tongue, salivary glands, liver, gallbladder and pancreas

Question 6

Digestion includes six basic processes:

Answer 6

1. Ingestion
2. Secretion
3. Mixing
4. Propulsion
5. Mechanical and chemical absorption
6. Defecation

Question 7

The basic arrangements of layers in most of the gastrointestinal tract, from he inside to the outside, is the..

Answer 7

Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis and serosa

Question 8

Folds of the peritoneum include..

Answer 8

Mesentery, greater omentum, lesser omentum, and falciform ligament

Question 9

Structures not located within the peritoneal cavity are said to be..

Answer 9

Retroperitoneal

Question 10

The mouth is formed by..

Answer 10

Cheeks, hard and soft palates, lips, and tongue, which aid mechanical digestion

Question 11

Forms the floor of the oral cavity

Answer 11

Tongue

Question 12

Saliva is secreted by?

Answer 12

Salivary glands

Question 13

Lie outside the mouth and release their secretions into ducts that empty into the oral cavity?

Answer 13

Salivary glands

Question 14

Three pairs of salivary glands?

Answer 14

Parotid, submandibular and sublingual

Question 15

Lubricates food and starts the chemical digestion of carbs?

Answer 15

Saliva

Question 16

Salivation is controlled by ?

Answer 16

The autonomic nervous system

Question 17

Adapted for mechanical digestion ?

Answer 17

Teeth

Question 18

Through mastication food is mixed with saliva and shaped into a ?

Answer 18

Bolus

Question 19

Salivary amylase begins the digestion of?

Answer 19

Starches in the mouth

Question 20

Food that is swallowed passesbfrom the mouth into the?

Answer 20

Oropharynx

Question 21

From Oropharynx food passes into the ?

Answer 21

Laryngopharynx

Question 22

Muscular tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach?

Answer 22

Esophagus

Question 23

Swallowing moves the bolus from the mouth to the stomach by?

Answer 23

Peristalsis

Question 24

The main regions of the stomach are?

Answer 24

Cardia, fundus, body and pylorus

Question 25

Mechanical digestion consist of mixing waves that macerate food and mix it with?

Answer 25

Gastric juice, forming chyme

Question 26

Chemical digestion consist of the conversion of proteins into peptides by?

Answer 26

Pepsin

Question 27

Stomach can absorb?

Answer 27

Water, ions, fatty acids, drugs, alcohol

Question 28

Secretions pass from the pancreas to the duodenum via?

Answer 28

Pancreatic duct

Question 29

Pancreatic islets secret?

Answer 29

Hormones

Question 30

Acinar cells secrete?

Answer 30

Pancreatic juice

Question 31

Pancreatic juice contains?

Answer 31

Enzymes that digest starch

Question 32

Stores and concentrates bile produced by the liver?

Answer 32

Gallbladder

Question 33

Loves of the liver are made up of lobules that contain?

Answer 33

Hepatocytes, sinusoids

Question 34

Produce bile that is carried by a duct system to the gallbladder for concentration and temporary storage?

Answer 34

Hepatocytes

Question 35

Biles contribution to digestion is the?

Answer 35

Emulsification of dietary lipids

Question 36

The liver also functions in?

Answer 36

Carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism