Chapter 3 Flashcards
What is self fertilization?
the natural course of events
What is the ratio from self fertilization?
3:1
What is considered the latent factor?
The recessive trait
What is considered the expressed factor?
The dominant trait
What is a monohybrid cross?
When a single
What is cross fertilization?
crossing tall and dwarf pea plants to investigate how height was inherited
What are genes? How are they different from alleles?
A heritable factor that exists in two forms, one dominant, the other recessive.
Their dominant and recessive forms are called alleles
How is the describing letter denoted for the alleles in a mendel cross?
The letter is usually taken from the word that describes the recessive trait
ex. (d, for dwarfness)
What is considered to be the genotype
The allelic constitution of each strain
ex. Dd, dd, DD
What is considered to be the phenotype
The physical appearance of each strain
ex. Black, brown, blonde hair
What are the hybrid progeny of the parental strain?
The first filial generation, or F1
How do you find the relative frequency vs the absolute frequency?
Relative frequencies: are indicated by the number of positions occupied in the array.
ex. 9,3,3,1
Absolute frequencies: we divide each number by the total, 16
ex.
9/16, 3/16, 3/16, 1/16
What Mendelian principles are seen in monohybrid crosses vs. Dihybrid crosses?
Monohybrid:
The Principle of Dominance
The Principle of Segregation
Dihybrid:
The Principle of Independent Assortment
