Chapter 3

Question 0

Step 2

Answer 0

Simplify both sides of the equation

Question 1

3.1
Solving literal equations
Step 1

Answer 1

Clear equations by multiplying both sides by the LCD using distributive property

Question 2

Step 3

Answer 2

Collect all terms with the variables on 1 side of the equation

Question 3

Step 4

Answer 3

Use the distributive property

Question 4

Step 5

Answer 4

Divide both sides by the coefficient of the variable

Question 5

3.2

Ratio

Answer 5

A comparison of two numbers by division and is often expressed as a fraction

Question 6

Rate

Answer 6

Ratio comparing numbers with different numbers

Question 7

Unit rate

Answer 7

Rate in which the denominator is one

Question 8

Dimensional analysis (unit analysis)

Answer 8

A rate can be converted to an equivalent rate with different units

Question 9

Unit multipliers

Answer 9

Rates with different expressions representing the same quality in the numerator and denominator, so their value is one

Question 10

Proportion

Answer 10

A statement of equality between 2 ratios

Question 11

Property of proportions

Answer 11

In a proportion, the product of the extremes equals the product of the means

Question 12

Extremes

Answer 12

First and the last number

Question 13

3.3

Similar figures

Answer 13

They have the same shape, but not the same size

Question 14

Similar polygons

Answer 14

Polygons in which the corresponding angles are congruent and the sides are are proportional

Question 15

Scale

Answer 15

The ratio of the dimensions of the drawing or model to the corresponding dimensions of the actual object

Question 16

Scale drawing or model

Answer 16

Dimensions are the same scale or ratio to the actual dimensions of the object

Question 17

Fibonacci and Golden Ratio Sequences

How can a Fibonacci sequence be defined recursively?

Answer 17

As An=An-1+An-2 , where A1 and A2 are any two integers

Question 18

Standard Fibonacci sequence

Answer 18

Must have A1=1 and A2=1

Question 19

Golden Ratio Sequence

Answer 19

Defined recursively as Bn=An+1
——-
An

Question 20

Golden Ratio

Answer 20

Approximately 1.618

Question 21

3.4

Percents

Answer 21

A ratio of one to one hundred. The symbol is %

Question 22

The percent equation formula

Answer 22

Percent times whole= part

Question 23

3.5

Percent change

Answer 23

amount of change
———————– X 100
Original amount

Question 24

Experimental error

Answer 24

The difference between the experimental and known values

Question 25

Percent error

Answer 25

|experimental value- known value| -----------------------------------------X 100% Known value

Question 26

Percent Difference

Answer 26

Often used to indicate the precision of repeated measurements when the outcome is expected to be the same

Question 27

Percent difference formula

Answer 27

| first value - second value| ------------------------------- X 100% Average of the values

Question 28

Percent change

Answer 28

The ratio of the change in value to the original value

Question 29

3.6 | Cost

Answer 29

Amount a merchant pays for the merchandise he will sell

Question 30

Markup

Answer 30

Amount the merchant adds to his cost to arrive at the retail price

Question 31

Markup rate

Answer 31

The amount of markup on an item as a percent of its cost

Question 32

Retail price

Answer 32

Merchants cost plus markup, regular amount that merchant asks customer to pay

Question 33

Discount rate

Answer 33

The percent by which the retail price is reduced

Question 34

Discount

Answer 34

Amount by which the retail price is reduced

Question 35

Sale price

Answer 35

Customers cost after the retail price is reduced

Question 36

Tip

Answer 36

Amount paid for a personal service

Question 37

Commission

Answer 37

Dollar amount an employee receives as a result of the sales he makes

Question 38

Rate

Answer 38

Percent used to determine a tip or commission based on the amount of the bill or an employees sales

Question 39

Percent formula

Answer 39

Percent times Whole=part

Question 40

Markup formula

Answer 40

Markup rate times cost=markup

Question 41

Discount formula

Answer 41

Discount rate times retail price= discount

Question 42

Tip formula

Answer 42

Tip rate times total bill=tip

Question 43

Commission formula

Answer 43

Commission rate times sales=commission

Question 44

Simple interest formula

Answer 44

Principal times rate times time= interest

Question 45

3.7 | Distance formula

Answer 45

d=rt