Chapter 3

Question 1

Atomic symbol

Answer 1

An abbreviation for an element or atom.

Question 2

Chemical bond

Answer 2

The force of attraction between two atoms that holds them together within a compound.

Question 3

Chemical change

Answer 3

The formation of new substance(s) by rear- ranging the atoms of the original material(s).

Question 4

Chemical formula

Answer 4

A notation that indicates the composition of a compound - consisting of the atomic symbols for the different elements of the compound and numerical sub- scripts indicating the ratio in which the atoms combine.

Question 5

Chemical property

Answer 5

A type of property that characterizes the ability of a substance to change into a different substance under specific conditions.

Question 6

<p>Chemical reaction </p>

Answer 6

<p> A term synonymous with chemical change. Compound A material in which atoms of different elements are bonded to one another.</p>

Question 7

Element

Answer 7

A material consisting of only one type of atom.

Question 8

Elemental formula

Answer 8

A notation that uses the atomic symbol and (sometimes) a numerical subscript to denote how many atoms are bonded in one unit of an element.

Question 9

Group

Answer 9

A vertical column in the periodic table - also known as a family of elements.

Question 10

Heterogeneous mixture

Answer 10

A mixture in which the different components can be seen as individual substances.

Question 11

Homogeneous mixture

Answer 11

A mixture in which the components are so finely mixed that any one region of the mixture has the same ratio of substances as any other region.

Question 12

Impure

Answer 12

The state of a material that is a mixture of more than one element or compound.

Question 13

Metal

Answer 13

An element that is shiny - opaque - and able to conduct electricity and heat.

Question 14

Metalloid

Answer 14

An element that exhibits some properties of metals and some properties of nonmetals. Six elements recognized as metalloids include boron - B; silicon - Si; germanium - Ge; arsenic - As; antimony - Sb; and tellurium - Te.

Question 15

Mixture

Answer 15

A combination of two or more substances in which each substance retains its properties.

Question 16

Nonmetal

Answer 16

An element located toward the upper right of the periodic table - with the exception of hydrogen - that is neither a metal nor a metalloid.

Question 17

Period

Answer 17

A horizontal row in the periodic table. Periodic table A chart in which all known elements are organized by physical and chemical properties.

Question 18

Periodic trend

Answer 18

The gradual change of any property in the elements across a period of the periodic table.

Question 19

Physical change

Answer 19

A change in which a substance changes its physical properties without changing its chemical identity.

Question 20

Physical property

Answer 20

Any physical attribute of a substance - such as color - density - or hardness.

Question 21

Pure

Answer 21

The state of a material that consists solely of a single element or compound.

Question 22

Solution

Answer 22

A homogeneous mixture in which all components are dissolved in the same phase.

Question 23

Scanning probe microscope

Answer 23

A tool of nanotechnology that detects and characterizes the surface atoms of materials by way of an ultrathin probe tip - which is detected by laser light as it is mechanically dragged over the surface.

Question 24

Suspension

Answer 24

A homogeneous mixture in which the various components are finely mixed - but not dissolved.