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World History and Cultures > Chapter 3: The Middle East > Flashcards

Chapter 3: The Middle East Flashcards

1
Q

what was the first empire to rule the Middle East after sumer?

A

Babylon

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2
Q

Who established the old Babylonian empire?

A

Hammurabi

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3
Q

What was the greatest mathematical achievement of the Babylonians?

A

Place value notation

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4
Q

what is the use of authority and power to uphold what is right just or lawful?

A

justice

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5
Q

what was the greatest achievement of the old Babylonian empire?

A

The realm of government and law

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6
Q

What was the Empire that invaded the old Babylonian empire?

A

The Hittite empire

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7
Q

where did the Hittites dominate before they invaded Babylon?

A

Asia minor

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8
Q

True/false: the Hittites are not noted for being the first people to use iron extensively

A

False

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9
Q

Who was assryia’s first great monarch

A

Tiglathpilezar I

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10
Q

what is the capital city of the Assyrian empire?

A

Nineveh 

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11
Q

Who built the worlds first great library and where was it built?

A

Ashurbanipal; Nineveh

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12
Q

Who established the neo-Babylonian empire?

A

Naboplassar

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13
Q

which Chaldean king destroyed Jerusalem?

A

Nebuchadnezzar

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14
Q

what neo-Babylonian piece of architecture is counted among the seven wonders of the ancient world

A

The hanging gardens of Babylon

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15
Q

Who was the first ruler of Persia?

A

Cyrus the great

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16
Q

Under which Persian ruler was the worlds first Postal Service established?

A

Darius the first

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17
Q

Who is the husband of queen Esther?

A

Xerxes I

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18
Q

what was the pagan religion of the Persians?

A

Zoroastrianism

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19
Q

under which king did Nehemiah serve?

A

Artaxerxes I

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20
Q

What degree was issued by Cyrus the great in 536 BC

A

That the Jews could return to Jerusalem

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21
Q

what are the three names of the land God promised Abraham?

A

Canaan, Palestine and Israel

22
Q

what are the three great monotheistic religions of the world?

A

Christianity, Judaism and Islam

23
Q

True/false: Israel has the greatest variety of climate in topography of any country in the world

A

True

24
Q

Who are the founding fathers or patriarchs of Israel?

A

Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob

25
Q

Who is one of the greatest man in world history that was to deliver the Israelites from Egyptian bondage

A

Moses

26
Q

what is a solemn agreement?

A

A covenant

27
Q

what is the name of a summary of a basic principles of morality?

A

The 10 Commandments or the decalogue

28
Q

What is the capital of Israel?

A

Jerusalem

29
Q

what was the first true alphabet?

A

The Sinai script

30
Q

what is an alphabet?

A

Phonetic system of writing in which letters are used to represent sounds rather than things or ideas

31
Q

Who were the seafarers who gave us a close representation of the modern alphabet?

A

Phoenicians

32
Q

What is the ability to read and write one’s own language

A

Literacy

33
Q

when was Israel the greatest nation in the world?

A

Around 1000 BC

34
Q

Who are the two great kings of Israel?

A

David and Solomon

35
Q

what was the northern kingdom called? What was the southern kingdom called?

A

Israel; Judah

36
Q

when did the northern kingdom fall and to whom?

A

Assyria in 721 BC

37
Q

when did the southern kingdom fall and to whom?

A

The Babylonians, and 586 BC

38
Q

when was Jerusalem destroyed?

A

AD 70

39
Q

what was the name for the eastern Roman empire that control part of the Middle East for over 1000 years?

A

The Byzantium empire

40
Q

what was the name of the capital of the Byzantium empire?

A

Byzantium or Constantinople

41
Q

what religion was founded by Muhammad?

A

Islam

42
Q

What are followers of Islam called?

A

Muslims

43
Q

where was Muhammad from?

A

Mecca

44
Q

What in Islamic history is known as the flight?

A

Hegira

45
Q

What are known as Mohamed successors?

A

Caliphs

46
Q

what is known as the holy book of Islam?

A

The Koran

47
Q

Who is the Englishman who left behind translations of the New Testament in Arabic and Persian

A

Henry Martin

48
Q

Who is the first man in modern times to attempt to reach the Muslims of Arabia

A

Ion Keith Falconer

49
Q

Who was known as the apostle to Islam?

A

 Samuel Zwemer

50
Q

Why is the Middle East important today?

A

because of the oil reserves that are located beneath its sands

World History and Cultures (16 decks)

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