Chapter 4 Flashcards
Atom
basic building block/smallest part of an element that keeps the same chemical properties
- neutral charge
Ion
when atoms gain or lose electrons
- positive or negative charge
electron
negatively charged particles inside the atom
nucleus
made of protons and neutrons, dense core of the atom
Proton
subatomic particle that has a positive charge and is located in the nucleus of an atom
Neutron
subatomic particle that has no charge and is located in the nucleus of an atom
Atomic number (of an element)
says how many protons and electrons are in an atom
Mass number (of an element)
number of protons plus number of neutrons in an element
Isotope
atom that has same # of protons but different # of neutrons relative to other atoms of the same element`
(Unified) Atomic Mass Unit (AMU)
1/12 of the mass of a carbon-12 atom
- Carbon-12 (isotope of carbon), has 6 protons & 6 neutrons which has mass of 1.0u per proton/neutron
Mole
large counting unit (SI based)- it’s a collection of a very large number of particles
- 1 mol = 6.02 x 10^23 particles (same # of part. in 12g of Carbon-12)
- 1 mole is the # of particles in anything
Molar mass
mass in grams of 1 mole of substance (is the average atomic mass)
1st Type of Mole Problem
What is the mass (g) of ________mol (element)
Formula: ______mol x mass of element (on PT) / 1 mol
2nd Type of Mole Problem
How many mols of (element) in _______g?
Formula: ______g x 1 mol / mass of element (on PT)g
3rd Type of Mole Problem
How many particles/atoms/molecules are in ______g of element?
Formula: ______g x 1 mol / mass of element (on PT)g x (6.02 x 10^23unit element) / 1 mol
