Chapter 4

Question 0

What is a vent on a volcano?

Answer 0

The crack in the surface of the ground from which the volcano emerges.

Question 1

What is the crater on a volcano?

Answer 1

The mouth of the volcano from which lava, ash, cinder and gass escape.

Question 2

What is the magma chamber on a volcano?

Answer 2

The magma chamber is down in the mantle. The magma/lava comes out from here.

Question 3

What is magma?

Answer 3

The molten rock while it is under the ground.

Question 4

what is ash, cinder and gas?

Answer 4

Ash, cinder and gas are thrown out during an eruption.

Question 5

what is lava?

Answer 5

The molten rock when it comes above the surface of the ground.

Question 6

What is a secondary volcano?

Answer 6

A smaller volcano that breaks out on the side of a larger volcano.

Question 7

True or False

Volcanic mountains in the mid-atlantic ridge formed islands when they broke the surface of the ocean?

Answer 7

True

Question 8

What is Iceland?

Answer 8

Iceland is a volcanic island.

Question 9

Where is Iceland?

Answer 9

Iceland lies along the plate boundary between the North American and Eurasian plates.

Question 10

what does Iceland have?

Answer 10

Iceland has a number of volcanoes as well as geysers and geothermal springs.

Question 11

Name one volcano in Iceland?

Answer 11

Mt. Hekla

Question 12

What do geysers do?

Answer 12

They throw up jets of hot water and steam regularly.

Question 13

What is another word for geothermal springs?

Answer 13

Hot springs!!!

Question 14

What is the hot water from geothermal springs used for in Iceland?

Answer 14

Washing
Central Heating

Also most of the houses in the capital Reykjavik are heated by geothermal water.

Question 15

how is electricity also generated in Iceland?

Answer 15

Electricity is also generated for houses and factories using steam to power turbines.

Question 16

What is the capital of Iceland?

Answer 16

Reykjavik

Question 17

What island is off the coast of Iceland?

Answer 17

The island of Surtsey.

Question 18

How and when was Surtsey formed?

Answer 18

The island of Surtsey was formed as a result of volcanic eruptios in the 1960s. The volcano begin under the sea and surfaced inNovember 1963.

Question 19

Why is the island of Surtsey studied?

Answer 19

1) Volcanic Studies

2) To see how plant and animal life begin on new land.

Question 20

What disrupted European air travel in 2010?

Answer 20

An eruption from a volcano in Iceland. Huge ash clouds some rising up to 9 kilometres i the sky which disrupted European air travel as the ash was blown over European airspace.

Question 21

What are the advantages of volcanoes?

Answer 21

1) Fertile soils are created from the breakdown of lava. Example mt. Vesuvius in Italy.
2) Geothermal springs provide hot water and central heating. Example Iceland.
3) New land is formed. Example Surtsey and Hawaii.
4) Tourists visit volcanoes or towns destroyed by volcanoes. Examples Pompeii. Tourists also visit distinctive landscapes created by volcanoes. Example Giants causeway Co. Antrim.

Question 22

what are the disadvantages of volcanoes?

Answer 22

1) Many people are killed and towns are destroyed. Example Pompeii.
2) Farming land is destroyed.
3) Lahars (rivers of mud) can cause great damage.
4) Icelandic ash cloud can cause disruption of air travel.