Chapter 4 Flashcards
what are the 4 primary types of tissue in the body?
epithelial tissue
connective tissue
muscle tissue
nervous tissue
what is the function of epithelial tissue?
- covers exposed surface and provides protections
- lines internal passageways and body chambers,
- forms glands and produces secretions
- controls permeability (meaning its involved in waste excretion, nutrient absorption, and filters substances)
- it also contains specialized sensory receptors
what is the function of connective tissue?
it fills internal spaces, provides structural support, and stores energy
what is the function of muscle tissue?
it contracts to produce movement
what is the function of nervous tissue?
it propagates electrical impulses
and carries information
how do the 4 primary types of tissue in the body differ?
types and functions of their cells as well as characteristics and relative amount of the matrix (extracellular material)
what is a matrix composed of?
fibrous proteins and clear gel called ground substance or, (extracellular fluid, interstitial fluid, or tissue gel)
what is the difference between longitudinal, cross, and oblique sections?
longitudinal is cut on its long axis, cross section is cut perpendicular to the long axis, and oblique is cut between the longitudinal and cross sections.
what are cell junctions and what are their functions?
cell junctions are connections between two cells, the junction is what allows them to communicates, resist mechanical stress, and control what moves through the gaps between them
what is a tight junction?
seals off intercellular space making it difficult for substance to pass in-between cells
what is a desmosome?
it anchors cells together
what is a gap junction?
they are pores made of connexons allow for passage of substances from one cell to the next
how do you name epithelial tissues depending on layers?
- simple (one layer), stratified (more than one layer),
- pseudostratified (appears to be more than one layer, even though it isn’t. All cells reach the basement membrane, but not all reach free surface)
- stratified (more than one layer)
how do you name epithelial tissue depending on the shape of the cell?
- cuboidal: cube shaped (square in 2D),
- columnar: tall, slender, rectangular.
- Squamous: thin and flat
what is a gland?
a cell or organ that produces secretions usually composed of epithelial tissue in a connective framework and capsule
