Chapter 4 - Bonding And Structure Flashcards
What does a compound contain?
Contains more than one type of atom chemically bonded.
What does a mixture contain?
A mixture contains any substances NOT chemically combined
Difference between atoms and ions
Atoms contain equal numbers of protons and neutrons, thus containing no charge.
Ions are atoms which have lost or gained electrons and so carries a charge.
Differences between Metals and non-metals
Metals : conduct electricity and heat, are mostly malleable, tend to be shiny, tend to have high density ( are heavy ).
Non-metals : do not conduct electricity or heat, are brittle when solid, looks dull when solid, have low density.
Some exceptions to metallic properties
- mercury is a liquid at room temperature
- Group 1 metals have low density and boiling points
Difference between metals and alloys
Metals are elements and so contain only one type of atom.
Alloys are mixtures where at least one substance is added to the metal.
What are the three types of bonding?
- Covalent
- ionic
- metallic
What is covalent bonding?
Electrons shared between atoms.
What is ionic bonding?
Electrons transferred from one atom to another, forming ions.
What is metallic bonding?
A lattice of positive ions in a sea of electrons.
What kind of atoms bond as covalent bonds?
Two or more non metal atoms
What kind of atoms bond as ionic bonds?
A metal and a non-metal.
What kind of atoms bond as metallic bonds?
Only metal atoms
What holds a covalent bond together?
Bind created by sharing of electrons.
What holds an ionic bond together?
Attraction between ions of opposite charge.
