Chapter 5

Question 1

Periodic Law

Answer 1

the repeating chemical and physical properties of elements change periodically with the atomic numbers of the elements

Question 2

Period

Answer 2

row on the periodic table

Question 3

Group

Answer 3

column on the periodic table

Question 4

Ion

Answer 4

when atoms gain or lose electrons: charged atom

Question 5

Metal

Answer 5

mostly shiny solids that are malleable, good conductors of heat and electricity, most elements are metals

Question 6

Nonmetal

Answer 6

elements that are poor conductors and doesn’t form positive ions in an electrolytic solution

Question 7

Semiconductor/Metalloid

Answer 7

has properties of metals & nonmetals, conducts electricity under certain conditions- better than insulator but less than a conductor

Question 8

Alkali metal

Answer 8

soft, shiny, and has a violent reaction to water

- 1st column on PT

Question 9

Alkaline-earth metal

Answer 9

harder, denser, stronger, and have higher melting points than alkaline metals
- 2nd column on PT, less reactive than alkali metals

Question 10

Transition metal

Answer 10

metal that can use inner shell before using outer shell to bond: can have different charges

- columns 3-12 & bottom rows on PT
- harder, denser, higher melting pt, & much less reactive than 1st 2 columns

Question 11

Halogen

Answer 11

most reactive nonmetals that join best w/ group 1 b/c it only needs 1 electron to be stable
- column 17 on PT

Question 12

Noble gas

Answer 12

inert (unreactive) b/c last orbital has a full 8 electrons

- column 18 on PT