Chapter 5

Question 1

Civil Rights

Answer 1

Government protected rights of individuals against arbitrary or discriminatory treatment by government or individuals

Question 2

Equal protection clause

Answer 2

Section of the 14th amendment, that guarantees that all citizens receive in “equal protection of the laws”

Question 3

Missouri Compromise of 1820

Answer 3

Prohibited slavery north of the geographical boundary at 36 degrees latitude. (Allowed for Missouri admission to the U.S)

Question 4

Seneca falls convention

Answer 4

The first major feminist meeting held in New York state 1848. It produced the declaration of sentiments. (calls for equal rights for women)

Question 5

Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857)

Answer 5

Ruled the Missouri compromise was unconstitutional and denied citizenship for enslaved people.

Question 6

Elizabeth, Sadie, Stanton, and Lucretia Mott

Answer 6

Founders of the first women’s rights movement

Question 7

William Lloyd garrison

Answer 7

Wrote “The Liberator” , an anti-slavery newspaper

Question 8

Harriet Beecher Stowe

Answer 8

Wrote “uncle Tom’s cabin”. Is referred to as “the little woman who started the big war.”

Question 9

Emancipation proclamation

Answer 9

A proclamation that stated that on January 1, 1863 all slaves in states that were active in the rebellion against the US would be freed

Question 10

13th amendment

Answer 10

Banned all forms of slavery and involuntary servitude.

Question 11

Black codes

Answer 11

Denied most legal rights to newly freed slaves by prohibiting African-Americans from voting sitting on juries, or even appearing in public places

Question 12

Civil rights act of 1866

Answer 12

Invalidated some state black codes

Question 13

14th amendment

Answer 13

Guarantees, equal protection, and due process of law to all US citizens.

Question 14

15th amendment

Answer 14

Guaranteed the right of citizens to vote, regardless of their race, color, or previous condition of servitude

Question 15

Civil rights act of 1875

Answer 15

Granted, equal access to public accommodations, such as theaters, restaurants and transportation, and prohibited the exclusion of African-Americans on jury service.

Question 16

Jim crow laws

Answer 16

Laws enacted by southern states that require segregation in public schools, theaters, hotels, and other public accommodations.

Question 17

Civil rights cases (1883)

Answer 17

The court ruled that Congress could prohibit state of governmental action but not private acts of discrimination. (Weakened the civil rights act of 1875)

Question 18

Poll taxes

Answer 18

Taxes on the right to vote (discriminated against African-Americans, because many of them were poor)

Question 19

Grandfather clause

Answer 19

Stated that those who failed the literacy, test or were poor, could vote if the grandfathers had voted before reconstruction.

Question 20

Literacy tests

Answer 20

Allowed local voter registration officials to administer difficult reading test to potential voters whom they did not know.

Question 21

Progressive Era (189-1920)

Answer 21

A period of widespread activism for the reformation of evils in the United States.

Question 22

Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)

Answer 22

The court found the separate but equal accommodations did not violate the equal protection clause of the 14th amendment.

[Seperate but Equal Doctrine]

Question 23

19th amendment

Answer 23

Gave women the right to vote

Question 24

Brown V board of education (1954)

Answer 24

Ruled that education could not be segregated based on race and that the separate but equal doctrine of Plessy was unconstitutional

Question 25

Brown v. Board of Education II (1955)

Question 26

SCLC and SNCC

Answer 26

Groups focus on combating segregation

Question 27

Civil rights act of 1964

Answer 27

Outlaw segregation in public facilities and discrimination in employment, education, and voting; created the equal employment opportunity commission (EEOC)

Question 28

Equal pay act of 1963

Answer 28

Requires employers to pay women and men, equally for their equal work

Question 29

Title IX of the education amendments of 1972

Answer 29

Expended opportunities for women in elementary, secondary and post secondary institution’s
Bars, educational institutions that received federal funds from discriminating against female students

Question 30

Equal rights amendment (ERA)

Answer 30

Propose amendment that states “equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the United States, or any state on account of sex”

Question 31

League of United, Latin American, citizens (LULAC)

Answer 31

An activist group, founded in 1929 to combat discrimination against, and promote assimilation among, Americans of the Hispanic origin.

Question 32

Hernandez v. Texas.

Answer 32

Supreme Court strike down discrimination based on race and ethnicity. The court ruled unanimously that Mexican Americans had the right to a jury that included other Mexican Americans.

Question 33

Cesar, Chavez and Dolores Huerta

Answer 33

Labor organizers that founded the united farm workers union (Ufw) in the 1960s

Question 34

The Dawes act (1887)

Answer 34

The act gave each American Indian family land within the reservation (reduced their land) it also mandated, sending Indian children to boarding schools off the reservation, and banned native languages and rituals.

Question 35

Chinese exclusion act of 1882

Answer 35

A law passed by Congress in 1882 that prohibited all new immigration into the US from China.

Question 36

Yick Wo v. Hopkins.

Answer 36

San Francisco pass a ban on laundries operating in wooden buildings (2/3 of which were owned by Chinese people) The court found that the law violated the constitution because one ethnic group was being targeted.

Question 37

Korematsu v. U.S

Answer 37

After Pearl Harbor, Japanese Americans and other groups were being held in internment camps. The Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of these camps.

Question 38

Lawrence v. Texas (2003)

Answer 38

Ruled that anti-sodomy laws violated the constitutional right to privacy.

Question 39

United States v. Windsor (2013)

Answer 39

Ruled that the 1996 Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) was unconstitutional

Question 40

Obergefell v. Hodges (2015)

Answer 40

Held that same-sex marriage was a constitutional right.

Question 41

Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)

Answer 41

a law enacted by Congress in 1990 designed to guarantee accommodations and access for people with a wide range of disabilities.

Question 42

Craig v. Boren (1976)

Answer 42

The carved out a new test for examining claims of sex discrimination alleged to violate the US Constitution and it created an intermediate standard of review

Question 43

Voting Rights Act of 1965

Answer 43

Made it illegal to discriminate against voters.