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UVU Sports Medicine > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Food = ____

A

Fuel

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2
Q

Energy needs are based on:

A

Age
Gender
Body mass
Sport-specific training demands

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3
Q

What is hypoglycemia?

A

Low blood sugar

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4
Q

During activity, drinking small volumes frequently:

A

Allows the stomach to absorb all fluid

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5
Q

To determine how much water you need, you should:

A

Weigh before and after
Should lose no more than 2% BW
For every pound lost, drink 16 oz

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6
Q

When you sweat you lose which electrolytes?

A

Sodium (Na+)
Chloride (Cl-)
Potassium (K+)

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7
Q

Electrolytes are essential for:

A

Muscle function
Promoting hydration
Neuro function
Lots of other body functions

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8
Q

True or False: calories are calories.

A

False - A variety of nutrients are needed

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9
Q

True or False: Athletes require supplements.

A

False - Only needed if diet is insufficient

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10
Q

True or False: When we need fluids, we feel thirsty

A

False - if you are thirsty you are already dehydrated

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11
Q

True or False: Food ingested before an event is most crucial

A

False - consistent eating is most important. Food eaten weeks before affects performance

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12
Q

True or False: Food between and after events does not matter

A

False - post event eating is especially important for recovery

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13
Q

What is the main concern of endurance athletes?

A

Sufficient caloric intake to meet total daily energy expenditure

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14
Q

What are the average recommended carbohydrate requirements?

A

50-65% of daily total calories

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15
Q

Is protein a major energy source?

A

No, though it may delay fatigue

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16
Q

The recommended amount of protein per day for an endurance athlete is:

A

1.2-2.0 g/protein/kg/bw/day

17
Q

What is the recommended intake of fat for an endurance athlete?

A

20-35% of daily calories

18
Q

Vitamins of concern for endurance athletes are:

A

B complex
C
E

19
Q

Minerals of concern for endurance athletes are:

A

Fe
Ca
Na
K

20
Q

What is the primary energy system?

A

Phosphagen system
Anaerobic energy system

21
Q

What is the secondary energy system?

A

Aerobic energy system

22
Q

Muscle is composed of how much water?

A

70%

23
Q

Concerns for vegetarians are:

A

Insufficient protein

24
Q

What is an ergogenic aid?

A

Anything legal or illegal that enhances performance

25
Q

What is a mechanical ergogenic aid?

A

Equipment

26
Q

What is a psychological ergogenic aid?

A

Imagery, positive self talk

27
Q

What is a nutritional ergogenic aid?

A

Supplements

28
Q

What is a pharmacological ergogenic aid?

A

Drugs

29
Q

Stimulants:

A

Increase alertness
Reduce fatigue
Increase competitiveness
Produce hostility
Increase BP
Vomiting
Headaches
Irregular heartbeat
Anxiety
Tremors

30
Q

Narcotics, such as morphine and codeine are typically used for:

A

Pain management, and there is a high risk of physical and psychological dependency

31
Q

Beta blockers are used to:

A

Reload blood vessels, slow heart rate, decrease cardiac output

It can improve balance and steadiness

32
Q

Diuretics are used to:

A

Increase kidney excretion and urine output

Used to reduce body weight and decrease presence of drug concentration in urine

33
Q

Anabolic steroids are:

A

Most commonly abused, illegal to possess and distribute, banned in all sports

34
Q

Creatine is naturally found in:

A

Skeletal muscle

35
Q

Risk factors of eating disorders include:

A

Sports requiring weight checks
Exercising more than necessary
Pressure to win no matter what
Consequences for weight gain/loss
Societal/media standards
Peer, parent, coach pressure
Mental and/or physical abuse

36
Q

Anorexia nervosa is a:

A

Psychological disorder characterized by an abnormal feat of becoming obese

37
Q

Bulima is characterized by:

A

Binge eating and purging

UVU Sports Medicine (5 decks)

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