Chapter 5 Flashcards
Anticipatory socialization
Process through which people acquire the values and orientations found in statuses they will likely enter in the future
Agents of socialization
Various individuals, groups, and organizations that influence the socialization process
Collectivist culture
Culture in which personal accomplishments are less important in the formation of identity than group membership
Eugenics
Control of mating to ensure that “defective” genes of troublesome individuals will not be passed on to future generations
Game stage
Stage in the development of self during which a child acquires the ability to take the role of a group or community (the generalized other) and conform his or her behavior to broad societal expectations
Gender
Psychological, social, and cultural aspects of maleness and femaleness
Generalized other
Perspective of the larger society and its constituent values and attitudes
Identity
Essential aspect of who we are, consisting of our sense of self, gender, race, ethnicity, and religion
Individualist culture
Culture in which personal accomplishments are a more important component of one’s self-concept than group membership
Looking-glass self
Sense of who we are that is defined by incorporating the reflected appraisals of others
(Use others’ reactions as mirrors)
Play stage
Stage in the development of self during which a child develops the ability to take a role, but only from the perspective of one person at a time
Reflexive behavior
Behavior in which the person initiating an action is the same as the person toward whom the action is directed
Resocialization
Process of learning new values, norms, and expectations when an adult leaves an old role and enters a new one
Role taking
Ability to see oneself from the perspective of others and to use that perspective in formulating one’s own behavior
Self
Unique set of traits, behaviors, and attitudes that distinguishes one person from the next; the active source and passive object of behavior
