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Statistics > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Experiment

A

We impose some treatment on individuals in order to observe their responses

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2
Q

Sampling

A

Studying part in order to gain information about the whole

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3
Q

Observational study

A

Individuals are observed and we measure variables of interest but do not influence their responses

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4
Q

Census

A

Attempt to contact every individual in the entire population

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5
Q

Bias

A

Systematically favors certain outcomes over others

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6
Q

Simple Random Sample

A

Every set of individuals has an equal chance of being selected

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7
Q

Probablitiy sample

A

Sample chosen by chance in which the probability of each being selected is known before hand

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8
Q

Strata

A

Common characteristic of individuals

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9
Q

Stratified Random Sample

A

Do a separate SRS for each strata and combine their results to form the sample

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10
Q

Cluster Sampling

A

Divides the population into groups and randomly selects some of the clusters where all of the individuals are sampled

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11
Q

Response bias

A

Behavior of the interviewer may cause the response to change

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12
Q

Sample frame

A

List of individuals from which a sample is actually selected

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13
Q

Control

A

Effect of lurking variables are minimized by comparison in the control group

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14
Q

Factors

A

Explanatory variables in an experiment

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15
Q

Control group

A

Group who gets no active treatment

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16
Q

Statistically significant

A

Difference that could not have occurred by chance alone

17
Q

Replication

A

Minimizes the effects of chance variation on the outcoems

18
Q

Block design

A

Create groups that are similar and make sure all treatments are tried in each group to attempt to cancel the effects of a lurking variable

19
Q

Matched Pairs Design

A

Compares just two treatments and blocks members of experimental units into couples with similar characteristics
Then Randomly assign one member of each couple to each treatment

Statistics (2 decks)

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