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AAE Anatomy > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

1
Q

the organs system comprised of skin, hair, and nails

A

integumentary system

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2
Q

two major components of integumentary system

A

integument

cutaneous membrane

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3
Q

epidermis and dermis

A

cutaneous membrane

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4
Q

hypodermis, underlaying tissue, and accessory structure

A

integument

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5
Q

the superficial epithelium

A

hypodermis

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6
Q

underlaying connective tissues

A

dermis

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7
Q

hair nails and glands

A

accessory structures

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8
Q

subcutaneous layer separates superficial tissue from deeper organs

A

hypodermis

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9
Q

found on the pals of the hands (5 layers)

A

thick skin

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10
Q

covers the rest of the body (4 layers)

A

thin skin

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11
Q

a section of thick skin

A

strata

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12
Q

layers of epidermis

A 
surface
stratum corneum 
stratum lucidum 
stratum granulosum 
stratum spinosum 
stratum basale 
basement membrane
dermis
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13
Q

layer firmly attacked to basement by hemidesmosomes

A

stratum basale

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14
Q

layer where cells can continue to divide

A

stratum sinosum

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15
Q

layer of cells displaced by stratum spinosum

A

stratum granulosum

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16
Q

a protein that is durable and water resistant

A

keratin

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17
Q

cells are thick and flat in this layer

A

stratum lucidum

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18
Q

is an organic yellow pigment that normally accumulates in epidermal cells

A

carotene

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19
Q

a brown yellow-brown black pigment produced by melanocytes

A

melanin

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20
Q

manufacture and store melanin within intracellular vesicles

A

melanocytes

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21
Q

stimulates vitamin D synthesis but can damage melanocytes

A

ultraviolet radiation

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22
Q

vitamin absorbed by skin through ultraviolet radiation

A

vitamin D3

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23
Q

blueish color of skin

A

cyanosis

24
Q

most common skin cancer

A

basal cell carcinoma

25
Q

originates in stratum basale layer. less common and involve superficial layers of skin

A

squamous cell carcinomas

26
Q

life threatening skin cancer. Usually begin as a mole

A

malignant melanomas

27
Q

named after the dermal papillae consist of areolar tissue that nourishes epidermis

A

papillary layer

28
Q

the dense and deeper layer consisting of irregular connective tissue and fibers

A

recticular layer

29
Q

an extensive network of connective tissue fibers known as the subcutaneous layer

A

hypodermis

30
Q

project from the surface of skin

A

hair

31
Q

little organs that produce hairs

A

hair follicles

32
Q

a peg of connective tissue containing capillaries and nerves

A

hair papilla

33
Q

surrounds hair papilla

A

hair matrix

34
Q

anchors hair to skin

A

hair shaft

35
Q

overlapping single layers of skin

A

cuticle

36
Q

underlaying layer

A

cortex

37
Q

makes up the core of hair

A

medulla

38
Q

oil glands discharge an oily lipid into hair or on skin

A

sebaceous glands

39
Q

the oily secretion

A

sebum

40
Q

are large sebaceous glands that discharge sebum directly onto the skin

A

sebaceous follicles

41
Q

sebaceous glands that become block and accumulate cause

A

acne

42
Q

secrete products into hair follicles arm pits and genitalia

A

apocrine

43
Q

sweat glands are coiled tubular glands that discharge their secretions directly onto the surface of skin

A

merocrine sweat glands

44
Q

protect the dorsal surface of the tips of fingers

A

nails

45
Q

dense mass of dead skin cells

A

nail body

46
Q

the nail body is recessed beneath the level of surrounding epithelium

A

nail bed

47
Q

where nail production occurs

A

nail root

48
Q

a portion of stratum corner of the folds extending over the exposed portion extending over the exposed nail near the root

A

cuticle

49
Q

repair of skin injury

A
  • scab
  • granulation tissue
  • scar tissue
  • keliod
50
Q

trickest scar tissue

A

keloid

51
Q

combination of blood clot, fibroblasts, and an extensive capillary network is called

A

granulation tissue

52
Q

blood clot forms at the surface temporary restores integrity of epidermis

A

scab

53
Q

the formation of this rather inflexible fibrous noncellular tissue

A

scar tissue-> dense reparative tissue.

54
Q

as we age

A

dermal thinning, wrinkling, reduced melanocyte activity

55
Q

with age

A
  • infections become more common
  • sensitivity of immune system is reduced
  • muscles become weaker and bone strength decreases
  • sensitivity to sun exposure increases
  • the skin become dry and often scaly and dry
  • hair thins and changes color
  • wrinkling of skin
56
Q

the pigmentation process begins in the

A

stratum basale, the deepest layer of the epidermis. Above the dermis. Connected to the basement membrane via hemidesmosomes.

AAE Anatomy (6 decks)

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