Chapter 5 - Digestive System terminology

Question 0

Small building blocks of proteins (like links in a chain), released when proteins are digested.

Answer 0

Amino acids

Question 1

What is the passage of materials through the walls of the small intestine into the blood stream?

Answer 1

Absorption

Question 2

Enzyme (-ase) secreted by the pancreas ad salivary glands to digest starch.

Answer 2

Amylase (amylo/o)

Question 3

Terminal end of the digestive tract to the outside of the body.

Answer 3

Anus

Question 4

Blind pouch hanging from the cecum (RLQ)

Answer 4

Appendix

Question 5

Digestive juice made in the liver and stored in the gallbladder. Emulsifies (breaks up) large fat globules.

Answer 5

Bile

Question 6

Pigment released by the liver in bile.

Answer 6

Bilirubin

Question 7

Intestine

Answer 7

Bowel

Question 8

Pointed, dog like teeth, next to the incisors. Also called cuspids or eye teeth.

Answer 8

Canine teeth

Question 9

First part of the large intestine

Answer 9

Cecum

Question 10

Portion of the large intestine consisting of the ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid segments.

Answer 10

Colon

Question 11

Carries bile from the liver and gallbladder to the duodenum. Also called the choledochus.

Answer 11

Common bile duct

Question 12

Elimination of feces from the digestive tract through the anus.

Answer 12

Defecation

Question 13

Swallowing

Answer 13

Deglutition

Question 14

Primary material found in teeth. It is covered by the enamel in the crown and a protective layer of cementum in the root.

Answer 14

Dentin

Question 15

Breakdown of complex foods into simpler forms

Answer 15

Digestion

Question 16

First part of the small intestine, measures 12 inches long

Answer 16

Duodenum

Question 17

Act of removal of materials from the body; in the digestive system, the removal of indigestible materials as feces.

Answer 17

Elimination

Question 18

Physical process of breaking up large fat globules into smaller globules, thereby increasing the surface area that enzymes can use to digest the fat.

Answer 18

Emulsification

Question 19

Hard, outermost layer of a tooth

Answer 19

Enamel

Question 20

Chemical that speeds up a rxn between. Digestive enzymes break down complex foods to simpler substances. Enzymes are given names that end in -ase.

Answer 20

Enzyme