Chapter 5: Lesson 1

Question 1

The property that makes phospholipids both hydrophobic and hydrophilic makes the phospholipid…

Answer 1

amphipathic

Question 2

The structure of a plasma membrane is as a …

Answer 2

phospholipid bilayer

Question 3

Aquaporins

Answer 3

Water channels in the membrane

Question 4

What model describes the plasma membrane?

Answer 4

Fluid mosaic model

Question 5

Who proposed the fluid mosaic model?

Answer 5

Singer and Nicholson

Question 6

What does the name ‘fluid mosaic model’ derive from?

Answer 6

The fact that the phospholipid bilayer has the consistency of salad oil

Question 7

Selective permeability

Answer 7

The cell membrane’s ability to differentiate between types of molecules allowing some things to pass through easily but not others

Question 8

What molecules does the selective permeability of cell membranes allow?

Answer 8

Small, non-polar molecules that pass through easily

Question 9

What is the structure of a phospholipid?

Answer 9

A phosphate head and two fatty acid tails attached to a glycerol backbone

Question 10

Glycerol is a _-carbon ____

Answer 10

3-carbon alcohol

Question 11

Is the phosphate head hydrophilic or hydrophobic?

Answer 11

Hydrophilic

Question 12

Are the fatty acid tails hydrophilic or hydrophobic?

Answer 12

Hydrophobic

Question 13

Phospholipids with saturated fatty acid tails are more … and phospholipids with unsaturated fatty acids are more …

Answer 13

solid, liquid

Question 14

Phospholipids with saturated fatty acids pack … and phospholipids with unsaturated fatty acids pack …

Answer 14

closer together, farther away

Question 15

What does this image represent?

Answer 15

Saturated fatty acid

Question 16

What does this image represent?

Answer 16

Unsaturated fatty acid

Question 17

Cholesterol stabilizes the membrane by making the membrane __ at lower temperatures and more __ at warmer temperatures

Answer 17

fluid, stable

Question 18

Transport proteins

Answer 18

Proteins that allow specific ions or molecules to enter or exit the cell

Question 19

Channel protein

Answer 19

A type of transport protein that does not require energy to move molecules

Question 20

Active transport molecules

Answer 20

A type of transport protein that requires energy to move molecules

Question 21

Channel proteins help molecules move ___ a concentration gradient, active transport proteins help molecules move ___ a concentration gradient

Answer 21

down, up

Question 22

Enzymes

Answer 22

Proteins that assist in the sequential functioning of metabolic pathways

Question 23

Metabolic pathways

Answer 23

A series of chemical reactions that are either anabolic or catabolic

Question 24

Attachment proteins

Answer 24

Integrins (both integral and transmembrane) that attach to the cytoskeleton

Question 25

What is an example of a molecule that can pass easily through the plasma membrane?

Answer 25

CO2 and O2

Question 26

Receptor proteins

Answer 26

Proteins that receive signals on the outside of the cell

Question 27

Is the second messenger protein peripheral or integral?

Answer 27

Peripheral

Question 28

What do receptor proteins typically bind to?

Answer 28

Water-soluble signal molecules

Question 29

Junction proteins

Answer 29

Proteins that form intercellular junctions that attach adjacent cells

Question 30

Glycoproteins

Answer 30

Giving immunity, cells identity, and preventing disease molecules form attacking you

Question 31

What type of proteins form blood types?

Answer 31

Glycoproteins

Question 32

Oligosaccharides

Answer 32

Polysaccharide composed of only a small amount of monosaccharides

Question 33

In an aqueous environment, the phospholipids will arrange pointing ___, in a hydrophobic environment, the phospholipids will arrange pointing ___

Answer 33

inward, outward

Question 34

What is A?

Answer 34

Integrins that attach to the cytoskeleton network

Question 35

What is B?

Answer 35

Transport protein that does not require energy to move molecules

Question 36

What is C?

Answer 36

Proteins that receive signals on the outside of the cell

Question 37

What is D?

Answer 37

A type of transport protein that requires energy to move molecules

Question 38

What is E?

Answer 38

Proteins that form intercellular junctions that connect adjacent cells

Question 39

What is F?

Answer 39

Proteins that from blood types and give immunity

Question 40

What is G?

Answer 40

Cholesterol

Question 41

What is H?

Answer 41

Phospholipid

Question 42

What is J?

Answer 42

Proteins that assist in the sequential functioning of metabolic pathways