Chapter 5: Lesson 4

Question 1

Energy

Answer 1

The capacity to cause change or to perform work

Question 2

Energy due to motion of the object is known as ____

Answer 2

kinetic energy

Question 3

Stored energy is called ____

Answer 3

potential energy

Question 4

Light is an example of ___

Answer 4

kinetic motion

Question 5

Potential energy is also known as…

Answer 5

chemical energy

Question 6

A type of kinetic energy associated with the random movement of atoms or molecules is known as ____

Answer 6

thermal energy

Question 7

Thermal energy in transfer from one object to another is called ___

Answer 7

heat

Question 8

Average kinetic energy is known as ___

Answer 8

temperature

Question 9

Photosynthesis

Answer 9

Conversion of kinetic energy (light) to potential energy

Question 10

What is the most important type of energy for living organism to power the work of the cell?

Answer 10

Chemical energy

Question 11

The first law of thermodynamics is also known as ____

Answer 11

the law of energy conservation

Question 12

First law of thermodynamics

Answer 12

Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or transformed

Question 13

Second law of thermodynamics

Answer 13

Energy conversions increase the disorder of the universe

Question 14

Entropy

Answer 14

The measure of disorder or randomness

Question 15

The chemical used to produce ATP in organic molecules is called ____

Answer 15

cellular respiration

Question 16

Waste products in cars and cells are ___

Answer 16

carbon dioxide and water

Question 17

Exothermic reactions

Answer 17

Chemical reactions that release energy

Question 18

Endothermic reactions

Answer 18

Chemical reactions that store energt

Question 19

The energy released in exergonic reactions release it in ___

Answer 19

covalent bonds of the reactants

Question 20

The ability to do work is called ____

Answer 20

energy

Question 21

Photosynthesis is what type of process?

Answer 21

Endergonic

Question 22

In photosynthesis, energy is absorbed from ____, and ____ sugar molecules are produced

Answer 22

sunlight, energy-rich

Question 23

The chemical reactions that take place in living things is known as ____

Answer 23

metabolism

Question 24

Energy can be transferred between the system and its surroundings is known as an _____

Answer 24

open system

Question 25

A system that cannot transfer energy to its surroundings is known as a ____

Answer 25

closed system

Question 26

Energy coupling drives what type of reactions?

Answer 26

Endergonic reactions

Question 27

What powers nearly all cellular work?

Answer 27

ATP

Question 28

ATP consists of:

Answer 28

• adenosine

- a triphosphate tail of three phosphate groups

Question 29

Hydrolysis of ATP releases energy by transferring its ___ from ATP to some other molecule in a process called ___

Answer 29

third phosphate, phosphorylation

Question 30

What are the three main types of cellular work?

Answer 30

1. Chemical
2. Mechanical
3. Transport

Question 31

A reaction that has more energy in the reactants than in the products is called an ____

Answer 31

exergonic reaction

Question 32

A reaction that has more energy at the products than the reactants is known as an ____

Answer 32

endergonic reaction