Chapter 5: Lesson 5

Question 1

What must be overcome before a chemical reaction can begin?

Answer 1

Energy barrier

Question 2

The energy barrier before a chemical reaction can begin is known as…

Answer 2

activation energy

Question 3

Activation energy activates the ___

Answer 3

reactants

Question 4

Enzymes ____ the activation energy

Answer 4

lower

Question 5

Does heat speed up or slow a chemical reaction?

Answer 5

It speeds up the reaction

Question 6

Enzymes always end in …

Answer 6

-ase

Question 7

Enzymes function as biological ___

Answer 7

catalysts

Question 8

The thing that increases the rate of a reaction without being consumed by the reaction is known as ____

Answer 8

enzymes

Question 9

Enzymes speed up a reaction by ____

Answer 9

lowering the activation energy needed for a reaction to begin

Question 10

The difference in the amount of energy between the reactant and the product is known as…

Answer 10

∆G

Question 11

∆G is ____ (greater, less, equal) with versus without the enzyme

Answer 11

Equal

Question 12

Reactions that are spontaneous are known as ____

Answer 12

catabolic reactions

Question 13

Reactions that are non-spontaneous are known as ____

Answer 13

anabolic reactions

Question 14

The specific reactant that an enzyme actors on is called the enzyme’s ____

Answer 14

substrate

Question 15

The region of the enzyme where the substrate fits into is called the _____

Answer 15

active site

Question 16

A region of an enzyme that can bind regulatory molecules is known as an _____

Answer 16

allosteric site

Question 17

What temperature do most enzymes work best at?

Answer 17

35-40º C

Question 18

What pH does pepsin work best at?

Answer 18

2

Question 19

What pH does trypsin work best at?

Answer 19

8

Question 20

Non-protein helpers that bind to the active site and function in catalysis are known as ____

Answer 20

cofactors

Question 21

List cofactors that are inorganic.

Answer 21

Zinc, iron, copper

Question 22

List cofactors that are organic

Answer 22

Vitamins

Question 23

A chemical that interferes with an enzyme’s activity is called an ____

Answer 23

inhibitor

Question 24

Chemicals that resemble the substrate and block the active are called ____

Answer 24

competitive inhibitor

Question 25

A chemical that binds to a location on an enzyme other than the active site, in order to inhibit the chemical reaction is known as ____

Answer 25

non-competitive inhibitors

Question 26

Energy required to start a reaction is known as ____

Answer 26

activation energy

Question 27

A substance that speeds up chemical reactions without changing themselves is known as a ____

Answer 27

catalyst

Question 28

Organic chemicals that help enzymes are called _____

Answer 28

coenzymes