Chapter 6

Question 1

Contrapposto

Answer 1

Technique of sculpting a human figure in a pose that shows the weight of the body in balance. With weight on one leg, the shoulders and hips counterbalance each other in a natural way so that the figure does not fall over. Developed in late Greek period. Pg. 178

Question 2

Any horizontal band, decorated with molding or patterns, either painted or carved, usually at the upper end of a wall; specifically in Greek architecture, the middle layer of an entablature. Pg. 181

Answer 2

Frieze

Question 3

The triangular area over the entablature in Classical Greek architecture, formed by the ends of a sloping roof and the cornice. Pg. 181

Answer 3

Pediment

Question 4

The main horizontal beam at the bottom of an entablature, resting on the capitals of columns. Often made of several lintels to stretch the length of the building. Pg. 184

Answer 4

Architrave

Question 5

Any projecting ornaments molding along the top of a building, wall, arch, etc.; also, the topmost projecting part of an entablature in a Classical Greek building. Pg. 184

Answer 5

Cornice

Question 6

The carved or plain areas between the triglyphs in the frieze of a Doric building. Pg. 184

Answer 6

Metope

Question 7

A group of three vertical ridges alternating with a plain metope in the frieze of a Doric Greek building. Pg. 184

Answer 7

Triglyphs

Question 8

The subtle convex swelling of a classical Greek column shaft. Pg. 185

Answer 8

Entasis

Question 9

A method of painting in which pigments suspended in water are applied to a thin layer of wet plaster so that the plaster absorbs the color and the painting becomes part of the wall. Pg. 174

Answer 9

Fresco

Question 10

A support or column in the form of a human figure, usually female. Pg. 186

Answer 10

Caryatids

Question 11

A storage jar having an egg-shaped body, a foot and two handles, each attached at the neck and shoulders of the jar.
Pg. 188

Answer 11

Amphora

Question 12

A large jug used to carry water. Pg. 188

Answer 12

Hydria

Question 13

An architectural construction built of wedge-shaped blocks to span an opening and usually supported by columns or piers.
Pg. 190

Answer 13

Arch

Question 14

An arched roof or covering made of brick, stone or concrete. A barrel vault. Pg. 190

Answer 14

Vault

Question 15

An awning at the top of the Colosseum in Rome that protected spectators from sun and rain. Pg. 190

Answer 15

Velarium

Question 16

In architecture, a square, rectangle or polygonal recess in a ceiling to reduce the weight of the structure. Pg. 193

Answer 16

Coffer

Question 17

A circular opening in a wall or in the top of a dome, from the Latin for “eye”. Pg. 193

Answer 17

Oculus

Question 18

Roman civic building of rectangular form in which the ground plan was divided into nave, side aisles and apse, and was approached through a narthex. In Christian architecture, a church building similar in shape was the major worship form from the third to eight centuries. Pg. 194

Answer 18

Basilica

Question 19

A central gathering place for the people of the town, particularly of Ancient Rome. A place for judicial and public business.
Pg. 195

Answer 19

Forum

Question 20

A support or column in the form of a human figure, usually female. Pg. 186

Answer 20

Caryatids

Question 21

A storage jar having an egg-shaped body, a foot and two handles, each attached at the neck and shoulders of the jar.
Pg. 188

Answer 21

Amphora

Question 22

A large jug used to carry water. Pg. 188

Answer 22

Hydria

Question 23

An architectural construction built of wedge-shaped blocks to span an opening and usually supported by columns or piers.
Pg. 190

Answer 23

Arch

Question 24

An arched roof or covering made of brick, stone or concrete. A barrel vault. Pg. 190

Answer 24

Vault

Question 25

An awning at the top of the Colosseum in Rome that protected spectators from sun and rain. Pg. 190

Answer 25

Velarium

Question 26

In architecture, a square, rectangle or polygonal recess in a ceiling to reduce the weight of the structure. Pg. 193

Answer 26

Coffer

Question 27

A circular opening in a wall or in the top of a dome, from the Latin for “eye”. Pg. 193

Answer 27

Oculus

Question 28

Roman civic building of rectangular form in which the ground plan was divided into nave, side aisles and apse, and was approached through a narthex. In Christian architecture, a church building similar in shape was the major worship form from the third to eight centuries. Pg. 194

Answer 28

Basilica

Question 29

A central gathering place for the people of the town, particularly of Ancient Rome. A place for judicial and public business.
Pg. 195

Answer 29

Forum