Chapter 6

Question 1

A term the founders used to refer to political parties and special interest groups.

Answer 1

Faction

Question 2

Theory that holds that open, multiple, and competing groups can check the asserted power by any one group.

Answer 2

Pluralism

Question 3

A collection of people who shares common interest or attitude and seek to influence government for specific ends.

Answer 3

Interest groups

Question 4

A company with a labor agreement under which union membership cannot be required as a condition of employment.

Answer 4

Open shop

Question 5

A company with a labor agreement under which union membership can be a condition of employment.

Answer 5

Closed shop

Question 6

An individual who does not join a group representing his interests yet receives the benefits of the groups influence.

Answer 6

Free rider

Question 7

Groups of individuals who share a common profession and are often organized for common political purposes related to that profession.

Answer 7

Professional association

Question 8

A nonprofit association or group operating outside government that advocates and pursues policy objectives.

Answer 8

Nongovernmental organizations

NGO

Question 9

How groups organize and form to pursue their goals or objectives, including how to get individuals and groups to participate and cooperate.

Answer 9

Collective action

Question 10

Synonymous with collective action, specifically studies how government officials, politicians, and voters respond to positive and negative incentives.

Answer 10

Public choice

Question 11

Engaging in activities aimed at influencing public officials and the policies they enact.

Answer 11

Lobbying

Question 12

An official document that list the new and proposed regulations of executive departments and regulatory agencies.

Answer 12

Federal register

Question 13

“A friend of the court” filed by an individual or organization to present arguments in addition to those presented by the immediate parties to a case

Answer 13

Amicus curiae brief

Question 14

A tactic in which PACs collect contributions from like minded individuals, 2000 limit, and present them to a candidate or party as a bundle which increases the PACs influence.

Answer 14

Bundling

Question 15

A person who is employed by and acts for an organized interest group to try and influence policy decisions and positions in executive and legislative branches.

Answer 15

Lobbyist

Question 16

An employment cycle I which individuals who work for government agencies that regulate interests eventually end up working for Internet groups or businesses worth the same policy.

Answer 16

Revolving door

Question 17

Relationships among interest groups, congressional committees and subcommittees, and the government agencies that share a common policy concern.

Answer 17

Issue network

Question 18

The political arm of an interest group that is legally entitled to raise money on a voluntary basis From members, stockholders, or employees to contribute funds to candidates or parties.

Answer 18

Political Action committee (PAC)

Question 19

A PAC formed by an officeholder that collects contributions individuals and other PACs and then makes contributions to other candidates and parties.

Answer 19

Leadership PAC

Question 20

Largely banned soft money, restored long standing prohibition on corporations and labor unions using general treasury funds for electoral purposes and narrowed the definition of issue advocacy.

Answer 20

Bipartisan campaign reform act

Question 21

Used independently from candidates that can be an unlimited amount and can be for or against a candidate

Answer 21

Independent expenditures

Question 22

Unlimited and undisclosed spending by an individual or group on communications that do not involve the words “vote for” or “vote against”

Answer 22

Issue advocacy

Question 23

Can spend unlimited amounts of money on activities as long as they are broadcasted 30 days before a primary or 60 days before a general election.

Answer 23

527 organization

Question 24

A large body of people interested in a common issue that is of continuing significance and are willing to take action.

Answer 24

Movement