Chapter 6 Flashcards
Alloy
A mixture of two or more metallic elements.
Covalent bond
A chemical bond in which atoms are held together by their mutual attraction for one or more pairs of electrons they share.
Covalent compound
A substance - such as an element or a chemical compound - in which atoms are held together by covalent bonds.
Dipole
A separation of charge that occurs in a chemical bond because of differences in the electronegativities of the bonded atoms.
Electron-dot structure
A shorthand notation of the shell model of the atom - in which valence electrons are shown around an atomic symbol. The electron-dot structure for an atom or ion is sometimes called a Lewis dot symbol - while the electron-dot structure of a molecule or polyatomic ion is sometimes called a Lewis structure.
Electronegativity
The ability of an atom to attract a bonding pair of electrons to itself when bonded to another atom.
Ion
An atom having a net electrical charge because of either a loss or gain of electrons.
Ionic bond
A chemical bond in which there is an electric force of attraction between two oppositely charged ions.
Ionic compound
A chemical compound containing ions.
Metallic bond
A chemical bond in which positively charged metal ions are held together within a “fluid” of loosely held electrons.
Molecule
The fundamental unit of a chemical compound - which is a group of atoms held tightly together by covalent bonds.
Nonbonding pairs
Two paired valence electrons that are not participating in a chemical bond.
Nonpolar
Said of a chemical bond or molecule that has no dipole. In a nonpolar bond or molecule - the electrons are distributed evenly.
Ore
A geologic deposit containing relatively high concentrations of one or more metal-containing compounds.
Polar
Said of a chemical bond or molecule that has a dipole. In a polar bond or molecule - electrons are congregated to one side. This makes that side slightly negative - while the opposite side (lacking electrons) becomes slightly positive.
