Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PSY 301 > Chapter 6 & 7 > Flashcards

Chapter 6 & 7 Flashcards

1
Q

Categorical Perception

A

The perception of speech sounds as belonging to discrete categories

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Voice Onset Time (VOT)

A

The length of time between when air passes through the lips and when the vocal chords start vibrating

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Prosody

A

Characteristic of Rhythem, tempo, cadence, melody, intonational patterns, and so forth with which a language is spoken

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Critical Period for language

A

the time during ehich language develops readily and after which (sometime between 5 and puberty) language acquisittion is much more difficullt and ultimatley less sucessful

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Phonemes

A

elementary units of meaningful sound used to produce languages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Phonological Development

A

Acquisition of knowledge about the sound system of a language

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Morphemes

A

Smallest units of meaning in a language, composed of one or more phonemes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Semantic development

A

Learning of the system for expressing meaning in a language, including word learning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Syntax

A

rules in a language that specify how words from different categories can be combined

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Syntactic development

A

The learning of the sytax of a language

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Pragmatic Development

A

acquisition of knowledge about how language is used

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Generativity

A

Idea that through the use of the finite set of words in our vocabulary we can put together an infinate number of sentences and express infinate number of ideas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Two uses of Symbols

A
  1. Repreesent thoughts feelings ans knowledge 2. communicate them to others
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Distributional Properties

A

Phenomenon that in any language certain sounds are more likely to appear together than others

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

First step in language

A

perception of speech

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The first indication of communicative competence

A

Turn-taking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Intersubjectivity

A

two interacting partners share a mutual understanding-foundation is joint attention (parents following babies lead)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

When does a child speak their first words?

A

Between 10 & 15 months-called productive vocabulary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Referntial (analytic) style

A

Speech strategy that analyzes the speech stream into individual phonetic elements andd words; the first utterances of children who adopt this style tend to use isolated, often monosyllabic words

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Expressive (holistic) Style

A

speech strategy that gives more attention to the overall sound of language-its rhythmic and intonational patterns than the phonetic elements of which it is composed

21
Q

Wait-and-see Style

A

speech strategy that typically involves a late start in speaking but a large vocabulary once speaking begins

22
Q

holophrastic period

A

period when children begin using the words in their small productive vocabulary one word at a time

23
Q

Overextension

A

Use of a given word in a broader context than is appropriate

24
Q

Fast Mapping

A

the process of rapidly learning a new word simply from hearing the contrastive use of a familiar and the unfamiliar word

25
Q

Pragmatic Cues

A

aspects of the social context used for word learning

26
Q

Syntactic bootstrapping

A

Strategy of using the grammatical structure of whole sentences to figure out meaning

27
Q

telegraphic speech

A

the term describing childrens first sentences that are genrally two word utterances

28
Q

Over regularization

A

speech errors in which children treat irregular forms of words as if they were regular

29
Q

collective monologue

A

conversation between children that involves a series of non sequiturs, the content of each childs’ turn having little or nothing to do with what the other child has just said

30
Q

Modularity Hypothesis

A

idea that the human brain contains an innate self contained language module that is seperate from other aspects of cognitive functioning

31
Q

Connectionism

A

type of information processing approach that emphasises the simulatious acticity of numerous interconnected processing units

32
Q

Dual Representation

A

idea that symbolic artifact must be represented mentally in two ways at the same time-both as a real object and as a symbol for something other than itself

33
Q

Superordinate level

A

most general levewl within a category hierarchy, such as animal in the animal.dog/poodle

34
Q

Subordinate Level

A

most specific level within a category Hierarchy Poodle

35
Q

Basic Level

A

Middle Level and often the first level learned within a category hierarchy-dog

36
Q

Naive Psych

A

commonsense level of understanding of other people and oneself

37
Q

Theory of Mind

A

basic understanding of how the mind works and how it influences behavior

38
Q

false-belief problems

A

tasks that test a childs understanding that other people will act in accord with their own beliefs even when the child knows that those beliefs are incorrect

39
Q

Theory of mind Module

A

Hypothosised brain mechinism devoted to understanding other human beings

40
Q

Essentialism

A

View that living things have an essence inside them that makes them what they are

41
Q

Egocentric representations

A

coding of spatial locations releative to ones own body without regard to the surroundings

42
Q

Subitizing

A

process by which adults and children can look at a few objects and almost immediatly know how many objects are present

43
Q

what side of brain begins to develop the specialization of language?

A

Left

44
Q

what part of life does comprehension come into language development?

A

second half of first year

45
Q

What are the constraints of word learning?

A

whole object, taxonomic, mutual exclusivity

46
Q

Aptitude

A

general ability to think and solve problems

47
Q

Achievement

A

what learned from school

48
Q

standardized testing

A

where you fall in comparison to others

49
Q

What kind of test is the IQ test?

A

Aptitude

PSY 301 (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions