Chapter 6 (Body Comp.)

Question 1

Body Composition

Answer 1

relative amounts of fat and fat-free tissues in the body

Question 2

essential fat

Answer 2

necessary for body functioning

Question 3

essential fat % (men & women)

Answer 3

3% men, 12% women

Question 4

storage fat

Answer 4

located in adipocytes, insulates & protects body

Question 5

High levels of what type of fat increase risk for diseases? Essential or Storage?

Answer 5

storage

Question 6

creeping obesity

Answer 6

people slowly gaining weight throughout the years

Question 7

Which region in the US has the highest BMI and obesity trends?

Answer 7

southeast

Question 8

obesity

Answer 8

energy imbalance (Calories in > calories out)

Question 9

How do social settings impact overeating?

Answer 9

eating in group setting = more calories consumed
unsafe neighborhoods = can’t play outside

Question 10

chronic conditions of obesity

Answer 10

CVD, cancer, hypertension, kidney disease, arthritis, Type II diabetes

Question 11

field methods for body composition

Answer 11

BMI, skinfold, waist-to-hip ratio

Question 12

lab measures for body composition

Answer 12

DXA scan, air displacement, BIA

Question 13

BMI ranges for normal and overweight

Answer 13

normal: <25
overweight: >30

Question 14

Is BMI accurate for measuring body fat %?

Answer 14

no

Question 15

waist-to-hip ratio is associated with…

Answer 15

risk of CV events

Question 16

lipogenesis

Answer 16

fat generation

Question 17

lipolysis

Answer 17

fat breakdown

Question 18

What organ secretes insulin?

Answer 18

pancreas

Question 19

What does insulin do?

Answer 19

forces skeletal muscles and liver to take in glucose & store fat (promotes lipogenesis, inhibits lipolysis)

Question 20

In what order does body use up energy stores when exercising?

Answer 20

carbs, fats, proteins (last resort)

Question 21

What are the 2 receptors in fat cells?

Answer 21

alpha receptors & beta receptors

Question 22

alpha-receptor

Answer 22

slow fat release (a for alpha & anti-burn)

Question 23

beta-receptor

Answer 23

fast fat release (b for beta & burn)

Question 24

What hormone binds to the receptors in the fat cells?

Answer 24

epinephrine

Question 25

Do easily toneable areas have more alpha or beta receptors?

Answer 25

beta

Question 26

Do stubborn body fat areas have more alpha or beta receptors?

Answer 26

alpha

Question 27

Are alpha receptors more sensitive to insulin?

Answer 27

yes, and since insulin promotes lipogenesis (fat storage), the fat in the area is stubborn

Question 28

How do you activate beta receptors?

Answer 28

resistance training & high intensity training