Chapter 6 Vocab

Question 1

An actual or relative increase in the acidity of blood caused by an accumulation of acid or a loss of base

Answer 1

Acidosis

Question 2

An actual or relative decrease in the acidity of blood caused by loss of acid or accumulation of base

Answer 2

Alkalosis

Question 3

Electrolyte that carries a negative electrical charge

Answer 3

Anion

Question 4

Lessening urine excretion

Answer 4

Antidiuretic

Question 5

Electrolyte that carries a positive electrical charge

Answer 5

Cation

Question 6

A condition resulting from excessive loss of body fluid that occurs when fluid output exceeds intake

Answer 6

Dehydration

Question 7

The tendency of molecules of a substance to move from a region of high concentration to one of lower concentration

Answer 7

Diffusion

Question 8

Abnormal, disordered, or disturbed cardiac rhythm

Answer 8

Dysrhythmia

Question 9

Collection of excess fluid in body tissues

Answer 9

Edema

Question 10

A substance that when dissolved in water can conduct electricity

Answer 10

Electrolyte

Question 11

Outside of cell

Answer 11

Extracellular

Question 12

The process of removing particles from a solution by allowing the liquid portion to pass through a membrane or other partial barrier

Answer 12

Filtration

Question 13

Pertaining to the pressure of liquids in equilibrium and to the pressure exerted by liquids

Answer 13

Hydrostatic

Question 14

An excessive amount of calcium in the blood

Answer 14

Hypercalcemia

Question 15

An excessive amount of potassium in the blood

Answer 15

Hyperkalemia

Question 16

Excess magnesium in the blood

Answer 16

Hypermagnesemia

Question 17

Excess sodium in the blood

Answer 17

Hypernatremia

Question 18

Exerts greater osmotic pressure than blood

Answer 18

Hypertonic

Question 19

Increased ventilation that results in a lowered carbon dioxide level

Answer 19

Hyperventilation

Question 20

An abnormal increase in the volume of circulating blood

Answer 20

Hypervolemia

Question 21

Reduced amount of calcium in the blood

Answer 21

Hypocalcemia

Question 22

Reduced amount of potassium in the blood

Answer 22

Hypokalemia

Question 23

Reduced amount of magnesium in the blood

Answer 23

Hypomagnesemia

Question 24

Reduced amount of sodium in the blood

Answer 24

Hyponatremia

Question 25

Pertaining to defective muscular tone or tension; having a lower concentration of solute then intracellular or extracellular fluid

Answer 25

Hypotonic

Question 26

The most common form of dehydration resulting from the loss of fluid from the body; results in decreased blood volume

Answer 26

Hypovolemia

Question 27

Fluid between tissues

Answer 27

Interstitial

Question 28

Fluids located within the blood cell

Answer 28

Intracellular

Question 29

Within the cranium or skull

Answer 29

Intracranial

Question 30

Fluids located within the blood vessels

Answer 30

Intravascular

Question 31

A fluid that has the same osmolarity as the blood

Answer 31

Isotonic

Question 32

Osmotic concentration; ionic concentration of the dissolved substances per unit of solvent

Answer 32

Osmolarity

Question 33

The passage of solvent through a semipermeable membrane that separates solutions of different concentrations

Answer 33

Osmosis

Question 34

A condition in which there is a reduction in the mass of bone per unit volume

Answer 34

Osteoporosis

Question 35

Partly permeable; said of a membrane that will allow fluids but not the dissolved substance to pass through it.

Answer 35

Semipermeable

Question 36

Across cell membrane

Answer 36

Transcellular