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AAE Anatomy > Chapter 6A > Flashcards

Chapter 6A Flashcards

1
Q

___________ includes the bones of the skeleton and the cartilage, joints, and ligaments and stabilizing connective tissues

A

skeletal system

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2
Q

5 functions of the skeletal system

A
  1. support
  2. storage
  3. blood cell production
  4. protection
  5. movement
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3
Q

provides structural ______________for the entire body

A

support

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4
Q

______________ of calcium salts and lipids as energy in the yellow marrow

A

storage

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5
Q

___________________ red blood cells, white blood cells, and other blood elements are produced within the red marrow

A

blood cell production

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6
Q

___________________ of soft tissues and organs are protected by skeletal elements

A

protection

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7
Q

_________________ bones function as levers that change the magnitude and direction of the forces generated by skeletal muscles

A

movement

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8
Q

bones are classified according to ___________ and ________

A

shape and structure

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9
Q

“osseous tissue” a supporting connective tissue that contains specialized cells and a metric consisting of extracellular protein fibers and ground substance. The texture of bone is a result of a calcium salts in metrix

A

bone

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10
Q

term for bone

A

“osseous tissue”

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11
Q

_____________ accounts for 2/3 the wight of bone. The remaining weight is collagen fibers

A

calcium phosphate

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12
Q

the human skeleton is made of _________ bones

A

206

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13
Q

all human bones are in ________ shapes

A

4

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14
Q

______________ bones that are longer than they are wide

A

long bones

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15
Q

_________________ bones that are equally long as they are wide

A

short bones

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16
Q

__________________________ thin and broad bones

A

flat bones

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17
Q

____________________ complex shapes that do not easily fit into any other category

A

irregular bones

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18
Q

In a long bone ________________ is the central shaft of the bone

A

diaphysis

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19
Q

In a long bone __________ a central canal containing bone marrow

A

marrow cavity

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20
Q

In a long bone _____________________ is a soft fatty tissue

A

bone marrow

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21
Q

__________________ expanded portions at each end and covered by articular cartilage

A

epiphyses

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22
Q

__________________ dense bone relatively solid

A

compact bone

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23
Q

______________________ cancellous bone resembles a network of bony rods or struts or spaces

A

spongy bone

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24
Q

____________________ outer surface covering of bone, tendons and ligaments intermingle within this.

A

periosteum

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25
Q

____________ muscle to bones

A

tendons

26
Q

____________________ bone to bone

A

ligaments

27
Q

the _______________ supplies circulation nerves, bone growth and repair

A

periosteum

28
Q

______________ covers the spongy bone of the marrow cavity and other inner surfaces

A

endosteum

29
Q

___________ bone cells

A

osteocytes

30
Q

____________________ small pockets found between

A

lacunae

31
Q

_____________ calcified metrix

A

lamellae

32
Q

_______________________ radiate through metric interconnecting small canals

A

canaliculi

33
Q

________________ compact bone. the osteocytes are arranged in centric layers around a central canal

A

osteon

34
Q

contains blood vessels

A

central canal

35
Q

____________ provide passageways for linking the blood vessels of the central canals with those of the periosteum and the marrow cavity

A

perforating canals

36
Q

_____________ rods or plates in spongy bone

A

trabeculae

37
Q

______________ mature bone cells that maintain normal bone structure by recycling the calcium salts in bony metric and assists in repaires

A

osteocytes

38
Q

______________________ giant cell with 50 or more nuclei. They regulate calcium and phosphate concentration

A

osteoclasts

39
Q

__________________ are cells responsible for the production of new bone by ossification produced new bone metric

A

osteoblasts

40
Q

the making of new bone

A

ossification

41
Q

the adjustment of bone

A

remodling

42
Q

_______________ calcification replacing other tissue with bone

A

ossification

43
Q

__________ and ________________ are mechanisms of bone formation and enlargement

A

ossification and appositional growth

44
Q

__________________ the deposition of calcium salts in bones occurs during ossification

A

calcification

45
Q

__________________ bone developed within sheets or membrane of connective tissue

A

intramembraneous ossification

46
Q

bone replacing existing carriage

A

endochondral ossification

47
Q

____________________ begins when osteoblasts differentiate within embryonic or fetal fibrous connective tissue

A

intramembraneous ossification

48
Q

_____________ the place were ossification first occurs

A

ossification center

49
Q

________________ made of cartilage models of future bones begin to be replaced steps from endochondral

A

endochondral ossification

50
Q

__________________ epiphyseal plates continue to enlarge increasing the length of the developing bone

A

epiphytical cartilage

51
Q

_______________ the former location of epiphytical cartilage

A

epiphyseal line

52
Q

________________ when bone elongates its diameter enlarges

A

appositional growth

53
Q

_________________ to calictrol when absorbs calcium

A

vitamin D3

54
Q

____________________ essential for normal bone growth and maintenance. They are involved in calcium metabolism. Reduction in these vitamins reduce osteoblast activity.

A

vitamin A and vitamin C

55
Q

___________________ osteoclast and osteoblasts remain active to repair bone tissue and results in thicker stronger bone tissue. degenerating changes occur

A

remodling

56
Q

skelton is a ___________ reserve

A

calcium

57
Q

inadequate ossification, the bone become thinner and relatively weaker. It is a reduction of bone mass that occurs between 30-40.

A

osteopenia

58
Q

___________________ of skelton every decade

A

women lose 8%

men 3%

59
Q

_________________ surface features such as depressions grooves and opening and indicated sites where blood vessels and nerves that run alongside and penetrate the bone

A

bone markings

60
Q

_____________ the longitudinal axis of body made of 80 bones including 3 parts

A

axial skeleton

  • skull/ associated bones
  • thoracic cage and sternum
  • vertebral column
61
Q

__________________ include the bones of limbs and those of the pectoral, pelvic girdles which attach limbs to truck

A

appendicular

  • 32 upper limb
  • 31 lower limbs
  • 126 appendicular bones

AAE Anatomy (6 decks)

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