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History > Chapter 8 Test Notes > Flashcards

Chapter 8 Test Notes Flashcards

0
Q

Who is Secretary of State?

A

Thomas Jefferson

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1
Q

What are the three executive branch departments?

A

Secretary of State
Secretary of treasury
Secretary of war

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2
Q

Who is Secretary of treasury?

A

Alexander Hamilton

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3
Q

Who is Secretary of war?

A

Henry Knox

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4
Q

Who is Attorney general?

A

Edmund Randolph

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5
Q

These men became an ______ to the president

A

advisory body

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6
Q

They established _____ act of 1789

A

Judiciary

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7
Q

It Set up ___ different courts, and how many for each state?

A

13 courts

One per state

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8
Q

It established ___ circuit courts to handle ____, and set the number of Supreme Court justices at ____.

A

Three circuit courts
Appeals
Six

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9
Q

Washington appointed _____ to be the Court’s chief justice.

A

John Jay

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10
Q

______ actually mustered little power or respect during its first few years

A

the Supreme Court

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11
Q

______ decisions could be appealed to the federal level

A

State court

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12
Q

The little provision Declared the supremacy of ___ courts over ___ courts

A

federal

state

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13
Q

What did The first congress do?

A

drafted the bill of rights

organized the executive and judicial branches

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14
Q

executive branch meaning what?

A

president and cabinet

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15
Q

judicial branch meaning?

A

establishing Supreme Court

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16
Q

What was congress major problem?

A

how to resolve a huge debt without raising question

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17
Q

What are the bill of rights?

A

First ten amendment to the constitution

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18
Q

Which two amendments are Well know?

A

amendment 1 and 2
Freedom of speech) is limited
(Right to bear arms)

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19
Q

The bill of rights Specifically intended to restrict what?

A

power of national government

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20
Q

Hamilton was Called what?

A

An administrative genius

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21
Q

Hamilton was known for?

A

four reports on facets of American economy

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22
Q

The reports on public credit had Two aspects which were?

A

debt funding and assumption of state debts

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23
Q

_____ meant that Federal government would give ___ that paid ___ percent interest to anyone who the continental congress owed ___ for goods or military service during ____

A 
Debt funding
Bonds 
Six percent 
Money
War
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24
Q

Bonds would be recognized as _____ (___)

A

currencies (money)

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25
Q

___________ meant that Federal government would take over what?

A

Assumption of state debt

All state debt

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26
Q

What was the problem with assumption of state debt?

A

southern states had paid off a lot of their debt continuing to make payments over and over again. New England states weren’t doing so well.

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27
Q

He gets the southern states to go along with the assumption plan by doing what? And does the South agrees for the plan?

A

promising to place a permanent national capital in the south on the banks of the Potomac
The south agrees

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28
Q

What was Hamiltonian Idea?

A

establish national bank

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29
Q

What was the Purposes of a national bank?

A

(1) to issue a uniformed currency

(2) to provide a source for business loans

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30
Q

What two people both challenged the constitutionality of a national bank?

A

James Madison and Thomas Jefferson

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31
Q

What was Their argument?

A

nowhere in the constitution did it say that they could sets up a national bank, wether it’s good or not

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32
Q

This was The first instance under new constitution that there is what?

A

controversy over constitutional interpretation

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33
Q

This resulted in a _____ charter

A

20-year charter

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34
Q

Loose constructionists believe what?

A

that the constitution is a flexible document open for more interpretation

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35
Q

Loose constructionist say what?

A

specified ends justify unspecified means

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36
Q

Strict constructionist believe what?

A

that there should be very little interpretation to the constitution

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37
Q

Hamilton is a ___ constructionist

A

Loose constructionist

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38
Q

What two people are strict constructionist?

A

James Madison and Thomas Jefferson

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39
Q

Who ends up signing the bank bill?

A

Washington

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40
Q

The Development of parties was ___

A

inevitable

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41
Q

What were the first two major political parties?

A

Federalist and the republicans

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42
Q

What are the other names for the federalists?

A

Hamiltonians

Monarchists

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43
Q

Republicans were also known as?

A

Democratic-republicans
Jeffersonians
Madisonians

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44
Q

____ vs ____

______ led the fight against Hamilton in congress

A

Jefferson vs Hamilton

Madison

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45
Q

Republicans were Friends of ___ because they favored _____

A

Farmers

Agriculture

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46
Q

Republicans Favored With ___

A

the south

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47
Q

Republicans Distrusted ______

A

centralized government

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48
Q

Republicans Feared ______

A

urban growth (cities)

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49
Q

Republicans Believed cities were?

A

The Centers of vice

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50
Q

Republicans Believed that Americas future was?

A

it’s land and its people (2 greatest resources that America had)

51
Q

Who of the two parties opposed the bank?

A

Republicans

52
Q

Federalists Favored ____ and ____

Believed commerce and industry was the nation’s future

A

commerce and industry

53
Q

Commerce is another name for?

A

trade

54
Q

Federalists Favored what?

A

a strong national government because they believed that it was the only way you can see good economic growth

55
Q

Who favored with the north?

A

Federalists

56
Q

Federalists Only trusted who?

A

the elite (rich)

57
Q

Federalists Believed power should be placed in the hands of the?

A

property and the money class

58
Q

Who favored the bank?

A

Federalists

59
Q

Foreign affairs occurred with _____ which broke out in 1789

A

French Revolution

60
Q

Were the French Initially welcomed in America?

A

Yes

61
Q

What was The problem with the French Revolution?

A

the French revolution started out as a movement for independence that eventually turned violent

62
Q

In ____, France went to war with ___

A

1793

Britain

63
Q

When France went to war with Britain it was the first what?

A

foreign crisis the U.S. Has faced

64
Q

The Crisis is complicated by what?

A

a treaty that the U.S. Has with France-

65
Q

That treaty was called what?

A

The treaty of alliance of 1778

66
Q

Treaty of alliance said what?

A

that America was obligated to help France in a time of war

67
Q

The U.S decided that the treaty was what?

A

made with the government and a king that had been destroyed by French Revolution

68
Q

Most republicans were what?

A

pro-French

69
Q

Most federalists were what?

A

pro-British

70
Q

___ was chief trading partner and they owned territory in ___

A

Britain

Canada

71
Q

In ___ of ____, the United States issues the proclamation of ______

A

1793 of April

neutrality

72
Q

The proclamation of neutrality meant what?

A

This meant that the unites states would have a policy of friendliness and be impartial towards both nations

73
Q

Who was Involved in A plot to bring America into the French war against Britain?

A

Citizen genêt

74
Q

Citizen genêt was a ____

A

French ambassador

75
Q

Instead of going to Philadelphia, Genêt lands in?

A

Charleston South Carolina

76
Q

He goes through a tour of the US trying to convince people what?

A

that America should break the neutrality and join the French cause

77
Q

He meets ______, who is courteous but also very cold, but he says what?

A

George Washington

That they won’t break the neutrality

78
Q

The genêt episode leaves Americans what?

A

Divided

79
Q

In the end, Genêt ends up being a?

A

Farmer

80
Q

What happens during the Quasi war?

A

French see cargo of about 300 American ships and seize the American merchant ships

81
Q

French severed _____ ties with the U.S.

A

diplomatic ties

82
Q

What was Reasoning behind the name of the quasi war?

A

it resembled a war in every aspect except that there was no formal declaration

83
Q

What was Result of quasi war?

A

XYZ affair

84
Q

It was humiliating ______ with France

A

peace negotiations

85
Q

They wanted to ____ US to negotiate

A

Charge

86
Q

They wanted To Charge ______ for each director US to negotiation with

A

250,000 dollars

87
Q

They wanted a ____ dollar loan

What did the U.S. Say?

A

12 million

They said no

88
Q

Why is it called the XYZ affair?

A

because later on congress wanted a report of everything that happened
They changed the French names to X Y and Z

89
Q

The XYZ affair angers who?

A

the American publicans a lot of people wanted to go to war

90
Q

Who was the Biggest advocates of the war?

A

Federalists

91
Q

___ keeps them out of conflict and keeps what?

A

John Adams

Keeps the neutrality

92
Q

Adams was able to send a ______ during the quasi war

A

peace commission

93
Q

Who offered favorable terms?

A

Napolean

94
Q

___ promised to leave American ships alone

A

France

95
Q

______ acts were 2 very controversial acts

A

Alien and sedition

96
Q

Federalists sought to do what?

A

silence political opponents

97
Q

Were the alien and sedition acts one act or two separate acts?

A

2 separate acts

98
Q

Alien meaning?

A

immigration

99
Q

Alien acts were designed to do what?

A

Put restrictions on immigrants

100
Q

More specifically put restrictions on what type of immigrants?

A

French and Irish immigrants

101
Q

Who did they wish to put restrictions on the immigrants?

A

Because they were primarily republicans

102
Q

The alien acts gave the president power to do what?

A

expel or imprison immigrants

103
Q

What act Caused a little more uproar?

A

Sedition act

104
Q

The sedition act gave the president the power to do what?

A

prohibit treasonous speech

105
Q

Both acts were clearly _______

A

unconstitutional

106
Q

Who made the Kentucky resolution?

A

Thomas Jefferson

107
Q

Who presented the Virginia resolution?

A

James Madison

108
Q

Both resolutions opposed what?

A

the alien and sedition acts as violation to the first amendment

109
Q

Both resolutions expressed what?

A

the rights for states to judge the constitutionality of the law

110
Q

Resolutions brought up the idea of _____

A

nullification

111
Q

The idea of nullification was that States can nullify what?

A

government acts that the states considered unconstitutional

112
Q

Both resolutions Suggested that states have a right to do what?

A

secede (leave) when the federal government acted unconstitutionally

113
Q

John Adam served ___ term in office by the year of 1800

A

One term

114
Q

Who ran for the Federalist in 1800?

A

john Adams and Charles C. Pinckney

115
Q

Who ran for Republicans?

A

Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr

116
Q

____ accusations were made

A

Bitter

117
Q

Who end up in tie?

A

Jefferson and burr end up in a tie

118
Q

The house chooses _____ as third president

A

Thomas Jefferson

119
Q

Inauguration was not until what month?

A

March

120
Q

Adams still had ___ months in office

A

Four months

121
Q

He makes some final moves such as Appointing ____ as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court (who would serve more than thirty years)

A

john Marshall

122
Q

Adams also passes the ____ act of ___

A

judiciary act of 1801

123
Q

The judiciary act of 1801 increased the number of what?

A

federal judges

124
Q

Before March 4th Adams had “______”

A

“Midnight appointments”

125
Q

People believed he stayed up all the way to midnight in his last day and appointed what?

A

All federalists on judge positions in part so he can get them in before congress is taken over by republicans

126
Q

True for false:

Once john Adams and Thomas Jefferson were both out of office, they began corresponding and became friends again

A

True

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