Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Infectious Disease > Chapter 9 > Flashcards

Chapter 9 Flashcards

1
Q

Ebola (filovirus)

A

transmitted-blood path-necrosis in liver, gonads, kidneys, spleen, lymph nodes, microvasc. lesions liver-kuppfer cell hyperplasia, councilman bodies Clinical-headache, fever, hemorrhages **most widespread tissue destruction of all HF’s**

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

West Nile Virus (flavivirus)

A

transmitted-mosquitos and birds Clinical- meningoencephalitis (CSF with increased protein), rash, lymphadenopathy, convulsions, coma, hepatitis and pancreatitis **dangerous in elderly and immunocompromised**

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Cytomegalovirus

A

transmitted- p2p with secretions infects- leukocytes **Most common congenital pathogens-widespread necrosis in fetus (brain eyes and liver)**

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Coagulase - Staph

A

infection related with medical device/implant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

M-protein in strep pyogenes

A

anti complement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Streptolysins S and O in strep pyogenes

A

hemolytic exotoxins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Skin infections from strep pyogenes

A

cellulitis, erysipelas, and impetigo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Scarlet Fever

A

red rash on skin, following the pharyngitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Rheumatic fever

A

strep pyogenes induced auto-immune response against connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Strep Pneumoniae

A

lobar penumonia, otitis media, sinusitis, and meningitis polysaccharide capsule prevents C3b formation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Haemophilus Influenza

A

epiglottidis leading cause of meningitis in children under 5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Granuloma Inguinale (Klebsiella granulomatis)

A

beefy red ulcer, donovan bodies (rod organisms in cytoplasm of phagocytes) **can lead to genital elephantiasis**

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Enterotoxigenic E. Coli

A

travelers diarrhea non invasive–>no leukocytes Watery Diarrhea Rise in cAMP and cGMP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Enteropathogenic E. Coli

A

invasive–>leukocytes deforms microvilli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Enterohemorrhagic E. Coli

A

shiga-like toxin inhibits 60S ribosome Dysentery-bloody diarrhea Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome- microthrombi, RBC’s destroyed forming schistocytes, decreased kidney perfusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Enteroinvasive E. Coli

A

Bloody Diarrhea necrotizing colitis same as shigellosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Salmonella

A

meat late onset diarrhea (12-24 hrs) systemic granulomas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Shigellosis

A

Shiga toxin-inhibits protein synthesis-watery diarrhea Bloody Diarrhea replicates in enterocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Cholera

A

Alpha subunit increases cAMP Diarrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Campylobacter Jejuni

A

In animal feces Invasive, causes immune response-Ulcerative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Yersinia

A

From infected meat watery/bloody diarrhea invades peyers patches–lymphadenopathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Klebsiella

A

necrotizing lobar pneumonia currant jelly sputum- thick bloody mucoid sputum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Legionella

A

Legionnaires Disease–>Pontiac Fever Grpws in standing water (not P2P) unilateral patchy consolidation in lungs (permanent)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Pesudomonas Aeruginosa

A

**Cystic Fibrosis** Diffuse bronchopneumonia In skin-ecythema gangrenosum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Melioidosis (Burkholderria pseudomallei)

A

tracheobronchitis, cavitating lesions **Mimicks TB**

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Clostridial Food Poisoning

A

C. Perfinges undercooked meat Spores can withstand temp–leaving cooked food uncovered

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Gas Gangrene (Clostridial myonecrosis)

A

myonecrosis, gas production and sepsis Exotoxin: alpha toxin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Tetanus

A

ascending paralysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Botulism

A

desceding paralysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Brucellosis

A

arthralgias and myalgias unsterilized milk or meat from infected animals Multi-organ granulomas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Tularemia

A

Tick Bite necrotizing granulomas in draining lymph nodes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Anthrax (wool)

A

black necrotic skin lesions sudden massive pulmonary edema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Listeriosis

A

food borne disease meningoencephalitis and septicemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Cat Scratch Disease (Bartonella henselae)

A

granulomatous and lymphadenopathy necrotizing granulomas in draining lymph nodes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Parinauds SIgn

A

Catch scracth disease granulomatous conjunctivitis with concurrent swelling of lymph node near ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Glanders

A

granulomatous disease nodular lesions in lungs and ulceration of mucous membranes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Bartonellosis

A

sand flea hemolytic anemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Actinomycosis

A

abscesses connected by sinuses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Nocardiosis

A

progressive pyogenic pneumonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Primary Syphillis

A

chancre with luetic vasculitis

41
Q

Secondary Syphillis

A

macopapular rash on palms condylomata lata obliterative endarteritis

42
Q

Tertiary Syphillis

A

obliterative endarteritis, necrosis, dementia, peripheral nerve demyelination and gummas

43
Q

Lyme Disease

A

Borrelia Burgdorferi erythema chronicum migrans muscle, heart and nerve problems, facial nerve palsys more joint, skin and nerve problems

44
Q

Leptospirosis

A

hepatic and renal failure meningitis and hemorrhage

45
Q

Relapsing Fever

A

epidemic from live endemic from ticks Hepatomegally with miliary microabscesses

46
Q

Psittacosis

A

birds penumonia, splenomegally, horders spots

47
Q

Rockey Mountain Spotted fever (ricketsia rickettsi)

A

macopapular rash from limbs to trunk

48
Q

Epidemic Typhus (rickettsia prowazekii)

A

lice fever, rash on chest spreading to limbs

49
Q

Endemic Typhus (rickettsia typhii)

A

fleas

50
Q

Q fever

A

Coxiella Burnetti lung and liver granulomas

51
Q

Atypical Pneumonia

A

walking pneumonia non-lobar

52
Q

Tuberculosis

A

ghon complex lesions in lungs with caseous granulomas necrotizing granulomas in draining lymph nodes

53
Q

Primary TB

A

fever, night sweats, weight loss and fatigue

54
Q

Secondary TB

A

necrosis and cavities in lungs, hemoptysis

55
Q

Leprosy

A

tuberculoid-dermal granuloma with sensory loss lepromatous-diffuse tumor like lesions

56
Q

MAI

A

AIDS patients TB like pulmonary cavities and caseating granulomas

57
Q

Histoplasmosis

A

resembles TB with calcifications

58
Q

Coccidiomycosis

A

pulmonary infection that disseminates (necrotizing granulomas)

59
Q

Pneumocystis Jiroveci Pneumonia

A

common in AIDS patients invade type 1 alveolar cells–>form cysts and rupture

60
Q

Aspergillosis Allergic Bronchopulmonary

A

in asthmatics, exacerbation and infiltrates

61
Q

Aspergilloma

A

in old TB cavities necrotizing inflammation and vascular thrombi

62
Q

Invasive Aspergillosis

A

happens when neutrophil count is low lung and pleural infarcts spreads to blood causing disseminated infection and thrombosis

63
Q

Mucormycosis

A

severe necrotizing invasive infections begins in sinuses and lungs Rhinocerebral-black crust with friable hemorrhagic underlying tissue

64
Q

Malaria

A

meorzoites invade and multiple in RBC’s

65
Q

Babesiosis

A

tick born malaria like hemolytic anemia

66
Q

Toxoplasmosis

A

pig meats, cat litter cyst formation in CNS and muscle developmental defects in fetus

67
Q

Leishmaniasis

A

sandfly bite skin sores, disseminated disease and splenomegally

68
Q

Chagas Disease

A

invade macrophages and form nodular chagoma lesion endocarditis and encephalitis GI dysfxn and autonomic nerve degeneration

69
Q

Sleeping Sickness

A

Trypanosoma Brucei meningoencephalitis disruption of sleep and neurological problems

70
Q

Amebiasis (entamoeba histolytica)

A

cyst form is ingested blood/mucous/leukocytes/cysts/trophozoites in stool Liver-brown abscesses

71
Q

Giardiasis

A

watery diarrhea, excessive gas, burping (sulfurous) malabsorption

72
Q

Naegleria Fowleria

A

invades nasal epithelium/olfactory bulbs brain eating ameoba

73
Q

Lymphatic Filariasis

A

Wichereria bancrofti elephantiasis from thickening of skin and underlying tissue

74
Q

Onchocerciasis (river blindness)

A

fly bite severe immune response causes blindness

75
Q

Loiasis

A

fly bite loa loa roundworm travels to conjunctiva **NO BLINDNESS**

76
Q

Trichuriasis

A

Whipworm Cecum or upper colon Invasion causes small erosions, focal active inflammation, loss of small amounts of blood

77
Q

Dermatophyte

A

jock itch, ringworm

78
Q

Hookworms

A

GI Inflammation Iron deficiency anemia most common cause of chronic anemia

79
Q

Trichinosis

A

pork myositis and calcifications periorbital edema

80
Q

Schistosomiasis

A

intense inflammatory response Liver, GI or Bladder granulomas and dysregulated growth **CAN lead to cancer** reproduce in snail eggs are laid in humans which cause inflammatory response DX by eggs in feces

81
Q

Cysticercosis (Taenia Solium)

A

ingest larvae in meat causes gut tapeworm tapeworm–>pernicious anemia, eggs shed in feces ingestion of eggs in feces–>disseminated cysts to muscles and brain (swiss cheese brain)

82
Q

Most Common STD

A

Gonorrhea

83
Q

TORCH

A

Mother to fetus transmission T-Toxoplasmosis-brian calcification O-Other-coxsackie, syphillis, varicella zoster, HIV and parvovirus B19 R-Rubella C-Cytomegalovirus H-HSV-2

84
Q

What diseases show necrotizing granulomas?

A

cat scratch sporotrichosis TB Tularemia

85
Q

What diseases are from tick bites?

A

Lyme-bulls eye+endocarditis+arthritis Rocky Mountain Spotted-rash on arms–>trunk Tularemia-lymphadenopathy, necro. granulomas, pneumonia symptoms Relapsing fever-looks like lyme Babesiosis-hemolytic anemia

86
Q

Childhood Diseases

A

Pertusis-whooping cough Diptheria-leathery exudate on pharynx Parvovirus B19-face rash and aplastic anemia Measles-rash on face, koplik spots, WF giant cells H. Influenza-epiglottidis RSV- lower resp necrosis Herpes Zoster-chicken pox Rhinovirus-common cold

87
Q

Upper Respiratory tract Ddx?

A

Common cold-coryza and rhinovirus Strep pyogenes-strep throat H. INfluenza- epiglottidis Parvovirus-red face, anemia RSV-bronchiolitis EBV-Mono, pharyngitis, lymphadenopathy, heterophile antibody + Diptheria-leathery exudate Influenza-fever, myalgias, winter/spring season Parainfluenza- croup (barking) Pertussis- whooping cough, insp. stridor Psittaci-bird exposure, severe

88
Q

Bacterial Pneumonia Ddx?

A

Strep Pneumo-G+, hemopty, elderly H. Influenza- G- green yellow sputum Moraxella- G- Staph-G+ Cystic Fibrosis- pseudomonas or staph aureus Hospital Aquired- pseudomonas or staph aureus

89
Q

Atypical Bacterial Pneumonia Ddx?

A

-usually require impaired immune system-interstitial penumonia Myco TB-hemopty, night sweat, lymphadenopathy, caseating granuloma Klebsiella-currant jelly sputum G- Legionella-standing water, penumonia and diarrhea MAI-TB like with recent bird exposure

90
Q

Non Bacterial Pneumonia Ddx?

A

Influenza-high fever. myalgias Coccidioides-desert climate Aspergillosis-silver stain hyphae, immune compromise Pneumocystis jiroveci-w/ cysts Mucormycosis-after nasal infection

91
Q

Gastroenteritis Ddx?

A

vomitting, cramping, food 1-6 hours ago Staph aureus-ham, baked goods bacillus cereus- cooked rice, steam sauce

92
Q

Secretory Diarrhea Ddx?

A

high volume and watery rotavirus/norwalk-fecal oral, cruise ship Cholera-bad water, seadfood Giardia- mucous and cysts/trophozoites in feces C. Perfinges-canned food, gas gangrene, neurotoxin, muscle paralysis, and resp. failure, short lasting E-Tox E.Coli- recent tracel E. Coli Overgrowth- antibiotic/immune suppresion

93
Q

Inflammatory Colitis

A

bloody/mucous diarrhea Shigella-HUS Entaameoba Histolytica-cysts in feces w/ shaggy fibrin lining E-Invasive E.Coli-white cells in feces E-Hemorr E.Coli- HUS Salmonella-chicken, eggs, beef, milk Campylobacter- chicken beef milk Histoplasma Capsulatum- central america C. Diff-mucopurulent exudate

94
Q

Endocarditis Ddx?

A

usually left sided from lung staph aureus-acute, hemopty Strep pyogenes- chronis, hx of pharyngitis Strep viridians- hx of dental infections Staph aureus- IV drugs r-sided tricuspid

95
Q

Viral Meningitis Ddx?

A

HSV1/2

96
Q

Bacterial Meningitis Ddx?

A

Strep B-newborn H. Influenza- small child Strep Pneumo- adult, G+ N. Meningitidis-adult G- Listeria monocytogenes- adult, neutrophilic CSF

97
Q

Fungal Meningitis Ddx?

A

Cryptococcus Neoformans associated with non-responsive sinusitis

98
Q

sporotrichosis

A

necrotizing granulomas in draining lymph nodes

Infectious Disease (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions