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Pharmacology > Chapter 9 - Endocrine And Reproductive Drugs > Flashcards

Chapter 9 - Endocrine And Reproductive Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

what is the relationship between hormonal releasing factors, trophic hormones, and hormones produced by specific tissues/glands?

A
  • releasing factors are messengers made by the hypothalamus.
  • RFs send messages to the pituitary so it manufactures trophic hormones.
  • trophic hormones stimulate tissue/gland to produce hormones.
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2
Q

what are the major endocrine glands?

A
  1. pituitary
  2. thyroid
  3. ovaries
  4. testicles
  5. adrenals
  6. pancreas
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3
Q

uses of hormonal therapy?

A

correct a deficiency/obtain a desired effect.

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4
Q

Endogenous hormones are produced _____

A

in the body

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5
Q

exogenous hormones come from ____

A

outside the body

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6
Q

location and function of pituitary?

A
  • base of the brain, ventral to hypothalamus

- control activity of other endocrine glands.

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7
Q

what is the difference between negative and positive feedback control mechanisms?

A

negative feedback is due to high levels of hormones, reduces amount of releasing factor. Positive is in response to a low level, increases RF.

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8
Q

oxytocin release by posterior pituitary is controlled through the _____ mechanism

A

neurohormonal reflex

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9
Q

GnRH is classified as a/an______

A

gonadotropin

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10
Q

hormonal products with “gest” in their name are classified as ____

A

progestins

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11
Q

3 potential uses of the prostaglandins

A
  1. estrus synchronization
  2. induce abortion
  3. induce estrus
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12
Q

human contact with prostaglandins can be a serious health risk for _____

A

pregnant women and individuals with asthma.

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13
Q

before oxytocin acts on the uterus, the uterus must be primed by ___ and ____.

A

estrogen and progesterone.

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14
Q

precautions before oytocin administration?

A
  • examine repro tract for blockage or torsion.

- verify that the cervix has dilated.

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15
Q

what 2 active hormones are produced by the thyroid?

A

Triiodothyronine (T3) and tetraiodothyronine (T4)

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16
Q

2 drugs used to treat hypothyroidism.

A

soloxine, synthroid.

17
Q

3 major classes of insulin

A
  • short-acting (regular/lispro/aspart)
  • intermediate-acting (NPH/PZI/Lente)
  • long-acting (Glargine/Determir)
18
Q

What form of insulin treats ketoacidosis?

A

regular

19
Q

what form(s) of insulin must be resuspended before use?

A

NPH/PZI/Lente (intermediate)

20
Q

What are some signs of insulin overdose?

A

weakness, ataxia, shaking, seizures

21
Q

growth promoters are contraindicated in animals intended for ____

A

breeding

22
Q

why are anabolic steroids controlled?

A

potential abuse by athletes

23
Q

shake which insulin thoroughly before use?

A

Vetsulin

24
Q

what precautions should be taken by pregnant women when handling Regu-Mate?

A

wear gloves, avoid contact with skin.

25
Q

why is synthetic DES banned in food animals?

A

residue have a likely link to cervical cancer

26
Q

prostaglandin causes lysis of the ____ at the end of pregnancy or diestrus

A

Corpus Luteum

27
Q

the endometrium lines the ____

A

Uterus

28
Q

which hormone results in the production of a second hormone within a target gland?

A

Trophic

29
Q

GnRH is produced in the ____

A

Hypothalamus

30
Q

___ are a group of naturally occurring, long-chain fatty acids that mediate various physiologic events in the body

A

prostaglandins

31
Q

____ causes uterine contractions

A

Oxytocin

32
Q

corticosteroids are produced by the ___

A

adrenal cortex

33
Q

Levothyroxine is used to treat ____

A

Hypothyroidism

34
Q

Cushings is caused by excessive circulating ____

A

cortisol

35
Q

pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism in dogs can be treated with ____

A

Lysodren and Vetoryl

36
Q

U-40 syringes have what color top?

A

Red

37
Q

Two veterinary-approved insulin products?

A

Vetsulin, ProZinc.

Pharmacology (19 decks)

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