Chapter 9 (Factors Affecting Human Health)

Question 1

What is health?

Answer 1

Health is a complete physical, mental and social wellbeing

Question 2

Name 2 single gene disorders.

Answer 2

• Cystic Fibrosis
• Sickle Cell Anaemia
• Coeliac Disease
• Huntington’s
• Haemophilia

Question 3

Name 2 multi gene disorders.

Answer 3

• Cancer
• Heart Disease
• Alzheimer’s Disease
• Diabetes
• High blood pressure
• Arthritis
• Obesity

Question 4

What are the factors that speed up the risk of alteration of Gene’s?

Answer 4

• Diet
• Ultra violet radiation
• Being overweight
• Viruses
• Smoking
• Lack of physical activity
• Problems with white blood cells that should normally prevent cancer

Question 5

What is a balanced diet?

Answer 5

A balanced diet contains the right amounts of each of the 6 constituents of food

Question 6

Name the 3 classes of carbohydrates. Give 2 functions and 2 sources of carbohydrates.

Answer 6

•Sugar - Fast supply of energy -Fruit, sweets, soft drinks
Starch -Slow supply of energy -Bread, potatoes, rice
Fibre -Helps food move through the intestines -Cereals, fruit, vegetables

Question 7

Name 3 functions of water

Answer 7

• Cell reactions
• Transport
• Digestion
• Controlling temperature

Question 8

Give the order of the 5 food groups from bottom to top.

Answer 8

5. Others
6. Meat and fish
7. Dairy products
8. Cereals, rice, potatoes
9. Fruit and vegetables

Question 9

What is energy value? What is the unit of measurement?

Answer 9

The amount of energy in a food. Kilojoules per gram.

Question 10

What happens if you eat too much food( 2 examples)?

Answer 10

• High blood pressure
• Type 2 diabetes
• Breathing difficulties
• Gallstones
• Cancer
• Increased risk of heart disease

Question 11

What happens if you eat too little food( 2 examples)?

Answer 11

• Mood swings
• Depression
• Inability to think clearly
• Heart and circulatory problems
• Low blood pressure
• Reproductive problems
• Weak bones

Question 12

What are micro organisms?

Answer 12

Micro organisms are small living things

Question 13

Explain 1 good lifestyle choice and 1 bad lifestyle choice

Answer 13

Pg 86-88

Question 14

What are the 3 types of micro organisms

Answer 14

• Viruses
• Bacteria
• Fungi

Question 15

What are pathogens?

Answer 15

They are disease causing microorganisms

Question 16

What are parasites? Give 3 examples.

What are antibodies?

Answer 16

They are viruses because they live on or in another living thing. 
•Measles
•Mumps
•Chicken pox 
•Polio
•Cold/flu
•Cold sores 
•Ebola
Chemicals our white blood cells can produce when we are fighting off viruses

Question 17

Under ideal conditions bacteria can reproduce rapidly. They reproduce asexually.

(a) Give 4 conditions bacteria need to grow
(b) List 3 bacterial diseases

Answer 17

(a)They need
•food •water •a suitable temperature •a suitable pH
(b)Tetanus, tuberculosis, pneumonia, sore throat, tooth and gum decay, food poisoning, cholera, anthrax.

Question 18

What are antibiotics?

Answer 18

Antibiotics are chemicals made by bacteria and fungi, which kill or prevent the reproduction of other bacteria. Example: penicillin

Question 19

What are fungi?

Answer 19

Fungi are simple organisms that do not contain chlorophyll

Question 20

Fill in the blank: Many fungi feed on (a)____ _____ and act as (b)_________. They surface as reproductive structures such as (c)_______.

Answer 20

(a) dead material
(b) decomposers
(c) mushrooms