Chemical Bonds and Electronegativity Flashcards
Nonpolar Covalent Bond
0.4 or less
Polar Covalent Bond
0.5 - 1.7; More than 0.4 or less than 1.8
Ionic Bond
1.8 or more
Electrons are shared equally (no chance to have a partial positive and/or partial negative end)
Nonpolar covalent
No charges on atoms
Nonpolar covalent bond
Partial charges on atoms
Polar covalent bond
Full charges on resulting ions
Ionic bond
Electrical attraction
between cations
and anions
Ionic Bonding
High melting and boiling point, Solid at room temperature, Conducts electricity, Hard and brittle
Ionic Compound
Electrical attraction between nonmetals or anions
Covalent Bonding
Share 1 pair valence electrons, Long bond length, Weakest, Lowest reactivity
Single Covalent Bond
Share 2 pairs valence electrons, Medium bond length, Intermediate strength, Medium reactivity
Double Covalent Bond
Share 3 pairs valence electrons, Short bond length, Strongest, Highest reactivity
Triple Covalent Bond
Low melting and boiling point, Poor conductors of electricity, Usually don’t dissolve in water, Soft and Flexible
Covalent Compound
Unlike covalent bonding where electron is shared by one nearby atom, each electron is shared by all the surrounding electrons
* “delocalized electrons”
* They do not orbit any atom in particular but constantly move among the atoms
* A “cloud” or “sea” of electrons
* Every atom is attracted to the shared electrons, thus holding the metal together
Metallic Bonding
