chemistry solutions and mixtures

Question 1

look at book slide 55

Question 2

whats element

Answer 2

pure substances that contain one type of atoms

Question 3

compound

Answer 3

substance that contain 2 different elements that are chemically bounded

Question 4

example of compound

Answer 4

H20 and CO2

Question 5

mixtures are

Answer 5

combinations of 2 or more substances that are NOT chemically bounded

Question 6

example of mixture

Answer 6

sand and water and steel and brass

Question 7

physicals change

Answer 7

when a substance changes but doesnt go into a new chemical and is reversible

Question 8

chemical change

Answer 8

when a substance changes and does make a completely new chemical and is inrevisible

Question 9

example of chemical change

Answer 9

burning paper

Question 10

example of physical change

Answer 10

freezing water

Question 11

example of element is

Answer 11

helium and sodium He and Na

Question 12

solute is

Answer 12

a substance that dissolves in another solvent

Question 13

solute +solvent =

Answer 13

solution

Question 14

example of solute is

Answer 14

salt

Question 15

solvent is

Answer 15

a substance that dissolves a solute

Question 16

example of solvent is

Answer 16

water

Question 17

chromatography is

Answer 17

method of separating a number of soluble substances from the same mixture

Question 18

Each of the solutes normally are carried by

Answer 18

the solvent usally water across the paper

Question 19

some solvent strengths are

Answer 19

ethanol methanol and water

Question 20

filtration

Answer 20

separating immiscible liquids

Question 21

distillation

Answer 21

separating miscible liquids

Question 22

miscible

Answer 22

they mixed togteher

Question 23

immisicile

Answer 23

they dont mix together

Question 24

whats distilation

Answer 24

used to separate liquid (the solvent) from a mixture and keep the liquid par

Question 25

whats filtration

Answer 25

a process by which impurities or particles are removed from a fluid, either a liquid or a gas

Question 26

whats chromatography

Answer 26

Chromatography is a method of separating a number of soluble substances from the same mixture. Each of the solutes is carried by the solvent (usually water) across the paper.

Question 27

whats used to seperate miscible liquids

Answer 27

A separating funnel is used to separate immiscible liquids

Question 28

whats distillation

Answer 28

Distillation is a process used for separating two or more miscible liquids, making use of their different boiling points.

Question 29

proccess of distillation explained slide 69

Answer 29

When the first liquid boils (the one with the lower boiling point), its vapour passes upwards, into the condenser, where it is cooled, condensing it to form a liquid which is collected in the beaker. The liquid with the higher boiling point stays in the flask. If more than two liquids are mixed, a thermometer may be used to identify each liquid as it boils. This process can be used for purification (impurities stay in the flask), or increasing the concentration of a liquid; this is what happens in a distillery, where some alcoholic drinks are made.

Question 30

whats a chromotogram

Answer 30

A chromatogram is the pattern made on the filter paper during a chromatography experiment. The more soluble the solvent, the further it will travel before leaving its mark.

Question 31

To separate a soluble solid from a liquid, you may evaporate the liquid; this may be done in an evaporating basin. The water may be evaporated quickly (with the aid of a heat source), or slowly (by leaving the mixture for a few days).

Answer 31

To separate a soluble solid from a liquid, you may evaporate the liquid; this may be done in an evaporating basin. The water may be evaporated quickly (with the aid of a heat source), or slowly (by leaving the mixture for a few days).

Question 32

Crystals of the solute will form on the inside walls of the basin; this process is called crystallisation. The slower the rate of evaporation, the larger the crystals will be.

Answer 32

Crystals of the solute will form on the inside walls of the basin; this process is called crystallisation. The slower the rate of evaporation, the larger the crystals will be.

Question 33

what is filtration/how it works

Answer 33

To separate an insoluble solid from a liquid the mixture can be filtered through paper, using a filter funnel. The water particles are small enough to fit through the fibres of the paper, but the sand particles are too big.

Question 34

practise solubility curves

Answer 34

practise solubility curves

Question 35

what is dependant variable

Answer 35

The dependent variable is the factor that is being measured or observed and is thought to be affected by the independent variable.

Question 35

what is independant variable

Answer 35

The independent variable is the factor that is changed or manipulated by the researcher

Question 36

what is control variable

Answer 36

Control variables are factors that are kept constant to ensure they don't influence the experiment's results.