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EXAMS > Chemistry > Flashcards

Chemistry Flashcards

1
Q

STP

A

standard temperature pressure (273K and 1 atm)

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2
Q

Limiting reactant

A

the substance which is totally consumed in a chemical reaction

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3
Q

Sublimation

A

the transition of a substance directly from a solid to a gas

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4
Q

what is the definition of pH

A

pH= hydrogen power

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5
Q

Molarity

A

M, number of moles over liters

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6
Q

Molality

A

m, number of moles over kg

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7
Q

What are the properties of acids

A

turn litmus paper from blue to red, react with metals and bases

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8
Q

What are the properties of bases

A

turn litmus paper from red to blue, react with acids

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9
Q

What is the combined gas law

A

V1P1 V2P2
——- = ———
n1T1 n2T2

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10
Q

solute

A

the substance that is dissolved

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11
Q

solvent

A

substance that is doing the dissolving

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12
Q

excess reactants

A

The substance that still has some left after the reaction

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13
Q

Avogadro’s number

A

6.02x10 to the 23

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14
Q

saturated

A

the state at which nothing else can be absorbed

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15
Q

Homogenous mixture

A

substance where everything is the same (milk)

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16
Q

Heterogeneous mixture

A

substance where everything is different (salad)

17
Q

combustion

A

the process of burning something

A+O2 –> B

18
Q

synthesis

A

the combination of 2 or more substances

A + B –> AB

19
Q

single replacement

A

one element replaces another in a compound

A + BC –> AC + B

20
Q

Decomposition

A

a compound breaks down into 2 or more simpler substances

AB –> A + B

21
Q

Double Replacement

A

ions in 2 compounds “change” partners

AB + CD –> AD + CB

22
Q

Precipitation Reaction

A

sometimes when 2 aqueous solutions are mixed a solid is produced

23
Q

special ions

A

ions that are present in a reaction but do not participate

24
Q

net ionic equations

A

reactions in which the spectator ions have been removed

25
Q

chemical reaction

A

a process in which two substances react into one

26
Q

exothermic reaction

A

releases energy

27
Q

endothermic reaction

A

takes in energy

28
Q

what does each part of pvnrt stand for

A

Pressure, Volume, Moles, given, and Temperature (in kelvin)

29
Q

what are the products when an acid reacts with a base?

A

salt and water

30
Q

catalyst

A

speeds up or slows down a reaction

31
Q

absolute zero

A

-273.15°C or 0 K

32
Q

activity series

A

a useful guide for predicting the products of metal displacement reactions

33
Q

precipitate

A

creation of a solid in a solution

34
Q

activation energy

A

the minimum energy that must be input to a chemical system with potential reactants to cause a chemical reaction

EXAMS (2 decks)

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