Chemistry Stamp

Question 0

Nuclide

Answer 0

a distinct kind of atom or nucleus characterized by a specific number of protons and neutrons

Question 1

Nucleon

Answer 1

A proton or neutron

Question 2

Nuclear Reaction

Answer 2

a change in the identity or characteristics of an atomic nucleus that results when it is bombarded with an energetic particle, as in fission, fusion, or radioactive decay

Question 3

Transmutation

Answer 3

the action of changing or the state of being changed into another form

Question 4

Radioactive Decay

Answer 4

The spontaneous transformation of an unstable atomic nucleus into a lighter one, in which radiation is released in the form of alpha particles, beta particles, gamma rays, and other particles

Question 5

Nuclear Radiation

Answer 5

in the form of elementary particles emitted by an atomic nucleus, as alpha rays or gamma rays, produced by decay of radioactive substances or by nuclear fission

Question 6

Radioactive Nuclide

Answer 6

radioac­tive atoms characterized by what is in their nucleus—the number of protons, number of neutrons, and energy

Question 7

Alpha Particle

Answer 7

a helium nucleus emitted by some radioactive substances, originally regarded as a ray

Question 8

Beta Particle

Answer 8

a fast-moving electron emitted by radioactive decay of substances

Question 9

Positron

Answer 9

a subatomic particle with the same mass as an electron and a numerically equal but positive charge

Question 10

Electron Capture

Answer 10

one process that unstable atoms can use to become more stable

Question 11

Gamma Rays

Answer 11

penetrating electromagnetic radiation of a kind arising from the radioactive decay of atomic nuclei

Question 12

Half-Life

Answer 12

the time taken for the radioactivity of a specified isotope to fall to half its original value

Question 13

Carbon Dating

Answer 13

the determination of the age of an organic object from the relative proportions of the carbon isotopes carbon-12 and carbon-14 that it contains. The ratio between them changes as radioactive carbon-14 decays and is not replaced by exchange with the atmosphere

Question 14

Decay Series

Answer 14

a series of decay in which radioactive element is decomposed in different elements until it produces one stable atom

Question 15

Trans uranium Elements

Answer 15

the transuranium elements (also known as transuranic elements) are the chemical elements with atomic numbers greater than 92 (the atomic number of uranium). All of these elements are unstable and decay radioactively into other elements

Question 16

Roentgen

Answer 16

a unit of ionizing radiation, the amount producing one electrostatic unit of positive or negative ionic charge in one cubic centimeter of air under standard conditions

Question 17

Nuclear Waste

Answer 17

radioactive waste material, for example from the use or reprocessing of nuclear fuel

Question 18

Nuclear Fission

Answer 18

a nuclear reaction in which a heavy nucleus splits spontaneously or on impact with another particle, with the release of energy

Question 19

Chain Reaction

Answer 19

a chemical reaction or other process in which the products themselves promote or spread the reaction, which under certain conditions may accelerate dramatically

Question 20

Nuclear Fusion

Answer 20

a nuclear reaction in which atomic nuclei of low atomic number fuse to form a heavier nucleus with the release of energy