Chemistry - States of Matter

Question 1

describe the different states of matter

Answer 1

solid - molecules are arranged in regular, repeating patterns. held firmly in place but can vibrate within a limited area

Question 2

which SOM has the lowest - highest energy

Answer 2

solid -> liquid -> gas -> plasma

Question 3

how do we convert between each state?

Answer 3

sublimation, deposition, condensation, evaporation

Question 4

what is sublimation?

Answer 4

solid directly turns into a gas without becoming a liquid. eg dry ice (solid CO2) becoming carbon dioxide gas

Question 5

what is deposition?

Answer 5

gas directly turns into a solid without becoming a liquid first. eg frost forming on a cold surface

Question 6

what is condensation?

Answer 6

where a gas turns into a liquid, water vapour in the air cools and turns into liquid water droplets, eg when dew forms on grass in the morning.

Question 7

what is evaporation?

Answer 7

where a liquid turns into a gas. occurring when heat is applied to a liquid causing the molecules to gain energy and become a gas. eg water evaporating from a pool to the sun

Question 8

what is melting and freezing?

Answer 8

melting is the process of turning a solid into a liquid by applying heat

freezing is where a liquid is turned into a sold when cooled

Question 9

describe the function of carbon atoms

Answer 9

have 4 electrons in their outer shell
each outer shell electron becomes part of a bond with the outer shell electrons of other atoms. which can form single, double or triple bonds with other atoms.