Child Language Acquisition

Question 1

What are the features of the Proto-word stage?

Answer 1

Consonant-vowel-consonant-vowel sounds that are similar to actual words are made by the child, however, they are applied inconsistently

Example: Goggie (sounding like dog)

Question 2

What are the features of the one word / holophrastic phase?

Answer 2

Single words that relate consistently to identifiable references

Question 3

What are the features of the two-word stage?

Answer 3

Utterances consisting of two words in a range of patterns

Example: where mummy?

Question 4

What are the features of the telegraphic stage?

Answer 4

Utterances that consist of three or more words, in which key content words are used, while grammatical function words are left out

Example: that my doll

Question 5

What are the features of the post-telegraphic stage?

Answer 5

Utterances where grammatical words missing from the telegraphic stage start to appear, and clauses begin to be linked into longer sentences

Example: we went to the park and played football

Question 6

What is addition?

Answer 6

When a child adds an extra sound (often vowel sounds) to an already existing word

Example: Doggie

Question 7

What is reduplication?

Answer 7

When a child repeats an entire syllable

Example: Choochoo

Question 8

What is deletion?

Answer 8

Removal of a sound typically occurs on the last constant sound

Example: pig becoming pi

Question 9

What is consonant cluster reduction?

Answer 9

When a child simplifies a cluster on consonant words into a single sound or a more manageable combination of sounds

Example: poon (for spoon)

Question 10

What is substitution?

Answer 10

When a child substitutes fricatives and other sounds with stops

For example: debra (for zebra)

Question 11

What is switching sounds?

Answer 11

Children find fricatives the hardest to pronounce, as a result, they switch the sound to one easier to produce that come from roughly the same area of the mouth

Example: dop it (for stop it)

Question 12

What is a Referential child?

Answer 12

A child whose vocabulary is made out of mostly nouns

Question 13

What is an expressive child?

Answer 13

Children whose vocabulary is made out of mostly social language and verbs

Question 14

What is assimilation?

Answer 14

When a child changes a sound due to other sounds around it

Example: child cannot pronoun ‘r’ correctly so change ‘ rabbit ‘ to ‘ babbit ‘ due to the ‘b’

Question 15

What is syballic deletion?

Answer 15

When a child can not pronounce a word so it deletes a whole syllable

Example: nana (for banana(

Question 16

What is devoicing?

Answer 16

When a child picks the voiceless sound in a mimimal pair

Example: Rabbit turns to rappit

Question 17

What is a mimimal pair?

Answer 17

Pairs of words or phrases that differ in only one phonological element

Example: ship and sheep

Question 18

What is overgeneralisation

Answer 18

When a child applies a regular grammatical rule in an irregular situation

Ex: “ i runned “ adding the ‘ed’ because usually it makes a word past tense

Question 19

What is an example of classification (cognition theory)

Answer 19

A child calling a toy ‘‘red”

Question 20

What’s an example of object permanence (1st stage of development according to cognition theory)

Answer 20

A child asking where their toy is

Question 21

What is an example of seration (3rd stage of cognitive theory)

Answer 21

A child calling themselves the biggest

Question 22

How do children use pronouns during the first stage of pronoun acquisition?

Answer 22

They don’t use them at all instead they use names

Question 23

How do children use pronouns during the second stage of pronoun acquisition

Answer 23

They apply them but incorrectly and inconsistently

Example - child: where’s Dad? I miss her

Question 24

How do children use pronouns in the third stage of pronoun acquisition?

Answer 24

They use them correctly