child language acquisition - writing

Question 1

what does grammar consist of

Answer 1

• word classes
• sentence types
• sentence functions
• tenses
• spelling (phonetics)
• punctuation

Question 2

what does discourse structure consist of

Answer 2

• how far does it look/sound like that genre
• how good is their understanding of the conventions of that genre

Question 3

what does lexis consist of

Answer 3

• lexical choices in context
• appropriate register

Question 4

motor skills

Answer 4

ability to control a pen or pencil

Question 5

letter formation

Answer 5

how well are their letters formed - do they look like the letters they are aiming for

Question 6

size

Answer 6

when first learning, the bigger the letters, it usually indicates if they’re less developed

Question 7

Kroll’s 4 phases

Answer 7

preparation stage, consolidation stage, differentiation stage, integration

Question 8

what age is preparation stage (Kroll)

Answer 8

0-6 years

Question 9

what age is consolidation stage (Kroll)

Answer 9

7-8 years

Question 10

what age is differentiation stage (Kroll)

Answer 10

9-10 years

Question 11

what age is integration (Kroll)

Answer 11

mid teens

Question 12

preparation stage (Kroll)

Answer 12

basic motor skills are required alongside some principles of spelling

Question 13

consolidation stage (Kroll)

Answer 13

uses familiar stages to spoken language
short sentences, often grammatically incomplete
may be an attempt to join long sentences with simple conjunctions

Question 14

differentiation stage (Kroll)

Answer 14

more awareness of differences between speech and writing
more sentence variety used and increase in complexity
more of an understanding of different purposes and audiences
write more confidently, less help and guidance

Question 15

integration (Kroll)

Answer 15

more controlled writing
contains more style and personal voice
more aware of linguistic features and ability to choose them appropriately

Question 16

Rotherys categories

Answer 16

observation/comment, recount, report, narrative

Question 17

observation/comment - Rotherys categories

Answer 17

writer makes observations and follows with an evaluative comment, or mixes with an observation

Question 18

recount - Rotherys categories

Answer 18

usually chronological sequence of events, written subjectively, set pattern of orientation-event-reorientation

Question 19

report - Rotherys categories

Answer 19

factual and objective description of events or things - usually not chronological

Question 20

narrative - Rotherys categories

Answer 20

story genre - set pattern of orientation-complication-resolution-coda
coda which identifies the point of the story is not always included
few children complete this early on

Question 21

Britton

Answer 21

expressive, poetic, transactional

Question 22

expressive - Britton

Answer 22

first mode that resembles speech
often with first person perspective (based on personal references)

Question 23

poetic - Britton

Answer 23

encouraged early on as is creative
involves using rhyme, rhythm, adjectives and similes

Question 24

transactional - Britton

Answer 24

secondary school - essay style
impersonal style and tone with formal sentence structures and features that signpost ideas

Question 25

Vygotsky - zone of proximal development

Answer 25

focuses on what children can do on their own and what they learn with the help of someone who already knows how to do it
scaffolding

Question 26

family literacy theory

Answer 26

design, implementation and evaluation of family members
relationships between literacy use in families and students academic achievements
ways in which literacy is naturally used within context of the home

Question 27

Doctor Barclay stages

Answer 27

scribbling stage, mock head writing stage, mock letters, conventional letters, invented spelling stages, appropriate/phonetic spelling stage, correct spelling stage

Question 28

scribbling stage - Doctor Barclay

Answer 28

random marks on a page
writing and scribbles are accompanied by speaking

Question 29

mock handwriting stage - Doctor Barclay

Answer 29

writing and drawings
produce wavy lines which is their understanding of lineation
cursive writing

Question 30

mock letters - Doctor Barclay

Answer 30

letters are separate things

Question 31

conventional letters - Doctor Barclay

Answer 31

usually involves writing the name as the first word
child usually puts letters on a page but is able to read it as words

Question 32

invented spelling stage - Doctor Barclay

Answer 32

child spells in the way they understand the word should be spelt - own way

Question 33

appropriate/phonetic spelling stage - Doctor Barclay

Answer 33

attach spellings with sounds
more logic

Question 34

correct spelling stage - Doctor Barclay

Answer 34

able to spell most words

Question 35

insertion

Answer 35

adding extra letters

Question 36

transposing

Answer 36

reversing letters

Question 37

substitution

Answer 37

swapping one letter for another

Question 38

phonetic spelling

Answer 38

spelling the way it sounds

Question 39

omission/deletion

Answer 39

leaving out letters

Question 40

overgeneralisation

Answer 40

assuming same grammatical rule applies to all words

Question 41

school environment

Answer 41

task centred

Question 42

task centred

Answer 42

may just be doing the work because they have been asked to

Question 43

home environment

Answer 43

more freedom, more imagine, less likely to have as much assistance, more realistic view on abilities

Question 44

cursive

Answer 44

joined up

Question 45

grapheme

Answer 45

written sound